Conditions

Tendonitis occurs when a tendon becomes inflamed. It’s also a relatively common condition caused by overuse, injury, repetitive movement, or prolonged periods of inactivity. As such, it’s no surprise that over 70,000 adults in the U.S. miss work every year due to tendonitis. Although tendonitis can resolve itself, it can eventually lead to chronic pain as well as a limited range of motion if left untreated. As such, you must receive a proper diagnosis so that you can take steps to manage your condition.

What is Tendonitis?

Tendonitis is a type of tendinopathy, which is a general term for any condition involving tendons. The tendons are thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone. Tendons help your muscles move and support your joints, but when they become inflamed and irritated from overuse or injury, it can lead to tendon pain, soreness, swelling, and limited mobility. Tendonitis can affect any of the many tendons in the body; however, it is most common in the shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, and ankles because these are the areas where movements are repeated most frequently.

It’s important to note that tendonitis differs from tendinosis, a chronic degenerative condition of the tendon due to repetitive strain and overuse. While tendonitis can often be treated with home remedies or physical therapy, tendinosis often requires medical attention.

Common Types of Tendonitis

These include:

Achilles Tendonitis

This type of tendonitis affects the Achilles tendon, which is located in the back of your ankle. Achilles tendonitis is usually caused by intense physical activity such as running and jumping or spending too much time on your feet during activities like walking and standing. Achilles tendonitis can affect people of any age, but it’s prevalent in athletes who participate in sports involving a lot of running and jumping.

Peroneal Tendonitis

This is a type of tendonitis that affects the two tendons in your lower leg — the peroneus longus and the peroneus brevis. Peroneal tendonitis can be caused by high-impact activities such as running or jumping, but it can also be caused by ankle instability due to an injury or incorrect footwear choices.

Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

This type of tendonitis affects the posterior tibial tendon, which is located on the inside of your foot and ankle. Posterior tibial tendonitis can cause pain and swelling in the arch of your foot and heel, and it’s usually caused by conditions such as flat feet or high arches.

Symptoms of Tendonitis

Lump on the Tendon: If you can feel a lump on your tendon, it could be a sign of inflammation or an injury.

Tendon Swelling: Tendonitis can cause the area around the tendon to swell as a result of the inflammation.

Pain and Tenderness: If you have tendonitis, you may experience dull or sharp pain around the affected area.

Decreased Range of Motion: Tendonitis can limit your range of motion.

Causes of Tendonitis

There are many potential causes of tendonitis, including:

• Strenuous Activities: Any activity that puts an excessive strain on your tendons can cause tendonitis.
• Poor Posture: Maintaining poor posture over a long period of time can lead to strained and inflamed tendons.
• Certain Medications: Some medications can interfere with healing.
• Repetitive Movements: Any repetitive motion can cause tendonitis.
• Injury or Trauma: Trauma to the tendon can cause inflammation.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: This autoimmune condition can cause tendon inflammation.

Treatment Options

Traditional doctors will often recommend one or more of the following treatment options:

Immobilization

For less severe cases, immobilization techniques can help.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy can strengthen and stretch affected tissues.

NSAIDs

NSAIDs reduce pain and inflammation but do not heal the tendon.

Orthopedic Surgery

Surgery may be recommended in severe cases but carries risks.

The Neurofunctional Pain Management Approach To Tendonitis Pain

Simply treating the symptoms will only provide short-term relief from tendonitis pain. That’s why the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach focuses not only on treating the symptoms but also on identifying and addressing the underlying cause of your pain. By treating pain at its source, this approach aims to provide long-lasting relief.

Additionally, our protocol takes a whole-person approach to pain management using a variety of modalities that are non-invasive, non-surgical, and drug-free.

Conquer Tendonitis And Embrace Optimal Healing

We know that tendonitis can be debilitating and interfere with your daily life. Using a Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach allows us to identify and address the root cause of your pain while providing you with drug-free, non-invasive therapies to help reduce inflammation and provide long-term relief.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be a challenging and frustrating condition to live with. Although it does not usually lead to serious health problems, IBS can significantly impact daily activities and overall well-being. For example, it can make it difficult to go to work, attend social events, or travel because of the unpredictable nature of symptoms.

Fortunately, there are ways to treat IBS. We focus on treating the neurological factors that can contribute to IBS to provide long-term relief from chronic pain and inflammation.

What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

IBS affects around 10-15% of adults worldwide and is more commonly found in women than men. IBS is a chronic condition that causes recurring abdominal discomfort and pain. It’s a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, also known as the colon.

Types Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

There are three main types of IBS, each characterized by different symptoms. These types include:

IBS With Constipation (IBS-C)

As the name suggests, individuals with IBS-C experience constipation as their primary symptom. This means they have difficulty passing stool and may only have a bowel movement once or twice a week. This can cause abdominal pain and discomfort due to the trapped gas and stool in the intestines.

IBS With Diarrhea (IBS-D)

IBS-D is characterized by frequent episodes of diarrhea, along with abdominal pain and discomfort. Those with IBS-D may experience an urgent need to use the bathroom, leading to feelings of anxiety and embarrassment. Those with this type of IBS are often fearful of leaving their homes or traveling to unfamiliar places, especially if it involves eating out, as they never know when they may need to use the bathroom.

IBS With Mixed Bowel Habits (IBS-M)

IBS-M causes both constipation and diarrhea. This can make it difficult for individuals to predict when they will need to use the bathroom, leading to anxiety and stress in social situations.

Symptoms Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

There are numerous symptoms associated with IBS, and they can vary in severity from person to person. The most common symptoms include:

Change In Appearance And Frequency Of Bowel Movements

One of the primary symptoms of IBS is a change in the appearance and frequency of bowel movements. This can range from constipation, where there are infrequent or difficult bowel movements, to diarrhea, where there is an urgent need to use the bathroom.

Tiredness, Nausea, And Weakness

Tiredness, nausea, and weakness are common symptoms experienced by individuals with IBS. This is because the condition can affect the body’s ability to absorb nutrients from food. As a result, it can lead to deficiencies and fatigue. The constant discomfort and pain can also cause tiredness and weakness.

Muscle Spasms In The Stomach

Muscle spasms in the stomach are a common symptom of IBS and can cause cramping, bloating, and discomfort. These spasms occur when the muscles in the intestines contract too strongly or for longer than necessary, resulting in pain and changes in bowel habits. They occur due to nerve and muscle dysfunction in the digestive tract.

Bloating And Swollen Stomach

Bloating and a swollen stomach are also common symptoms of IBS. This is because the condition can disrupt the natural balance of gut bacteria, leading to excess gas production and bloating, thereby making the stomach appear larger.

Excess Gas

Excess gas is another common symptom of IBS and can be uncomfortable and embarrassing for those who experience it. Excess gas is typically caused by the body’s inability to properly digest certain types of carbohydrates, leading to fermentation in the gut and gas production.

Heartburn

Heartburn is a symptom characterized by a burning sensation in the chest, throat, or neck. It occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus and can be triggered by certain foods or stress. IBS can cause heartburn due to an excess of gas and bloating, which can put pressure on the esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back up.

Causes And Risk Factors Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of factors that contribute to the development of the condition. These factors include:

Gut Motility Issues

Gut motility refers to the process of food and waste moving through the digestive tract. In individuals with IBS, there may be abnormal contractions, either too strong or too weak, affecting how fast food moves through the intestines.

Visceral Hypersensitivity

Visceral hypersensitivity is a condition where individuals experience heightened sensations of pain or discomfort in their internal organs. This can lead to the brain interpreting normal gut movements as painful, leading to increased sensitivity and symptoms of IBS.

Infection

In some cases, IBS can develop after you’ve experienced an infection in the digestive tract, such as gastroenteritis. This is known as post-infectious IBS and may be caused by inflammation or changes in gut bacteria.

Dietary Factors

Certain foods can trigger symptoms of IBS, such as dairy products, caffeine, and spicy or fatty foods. Dietary triggers may vary from person to person due to individual sensitivities, making it essential to track food intake and symptoms to identify triggers.

Stress And Psychological Factors

Certain psychological factors, such as depression and anxiety, can also contribute to the development of IBS. This is because the brain and gut are closely connected, and stress can affect digestive function and sensitivity in individuals with IBS.

Hormonal Changes

Fluctuations in hormones, such as during menstruation or menopause, may also play a role in the development of IBS. This is because hormones can affect gut motility and sensitivity. It’s one of the reasons that IBS tends to affect more women than men.

Genetics

While not fully understood, there may be a genetic component to IBS as it tends to run in families. Research is ongoing to determine specific genetic factors that may contribute to the development of the condition.

Diagnosing Irritable Bowel Syndrome

If you’re having symptoms of IBS, it’s essential to see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. There is no specific test for IBS, and diagnosis is usually based on the following:

• Physical exam: A doctor will perform a physical examination as well as ask about your specific symptoms, medical history, and family history to rule out other potential causes of your symptoms. Checking for physical signs, such as bloating or tenderness in the abdomen, can also help confirm a diagnosis.
• Blood test: The doctor may do a blood test to look for certain underlying conditions that could be causing similar symptoms, such as celiac disease.
• Stool sample: The doctor may evaluate a stool sample to look for infections or other abnormalities in the digestive system, such as parasites or bacteria.
• X-ray: In some cases, a doctor may order an X-ray in addition to other imaging tests to rule out any structural issues in the digestive tract.
• Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy may be recommended if you have symptoms such as rectal bleeding or weight loss, as it allows the doctor to examine the entire colon and rule out any serious conditions.

Conventional Treatment Options

Once you’ve been officially diagnosed with IBS, your doctor may recommend the following treatment options:

Low-FODMAP Diet

A low-FODMAP diet involves avoiding certain types of carbohydrates that are known to trigger symptoms in individuals with IBS. These include fermentable sugars found in foods such as wheat, onions, and legumes.

Medications

A traditional doctor will often prescribe various types of medications to help manage your symptoms. These include:

• Fiber supplements: Fiber can help regulate bowel movements and reduce constipation. However, to avoid making symptoms worse, you should increase your fiber intake gradually and drink plenty of water.
• Anti-diarrheal medications: If diarrhea is a predominant symptom, you may be prescribed certain medications to help slow down gut motility. However, there are some potential side effects, such as constipation and bloating.
• Antispasmodic agents: These medications can help relieve abdominal pain and cramping by relaxing the gut muscles. However, these agents can cause a wide range of side effects, including headaches, dizziness, fatigue, constipation, dyspepsia, and dry mouth, to name a few.
• Antidepressant medications: Low doses of certain antidepressants (such as tricyclic antidepressants) have been shown to help relieve symptoms of IBS. This is because they can help regulate gut motility and pain perception. The drawback is that they can cause various side effects, such as dry mouth, drowsiness, and sexual dysfunction.
• IBS medication: There are some IBS-specific medications, such as Alosetron and Lubiprostone, that can help manage symptoms in individuals with more severe or refractory cases. However, these medications may also have serious side effects and will require close monitoring by a doctor.

Alternative Therapies

There are a few alternative therapies available that could help with IBS symptoms as well. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support their effectiveness, and they may not work for everyone. Some commonly used alternative therapies include:

• Acupuncture: Acupuncture involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points throughout the body. This aims to help relieve pain and other symptoms.
• Herbal remedies: Certain herbs, such as peppermint oil and chamomile, may help alleviate symptoms of IBS. However, you should consult with a healthcare professional before you try any herbal remedies. This is because they can interact with medications and have potential side effects.

Outlook For Individuals With Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

While there is currently no cure for IBS, the symptoms can be managed with various lifestyle changes and treatments. However, it’s important to note that IBS is a chronic condition. This means that it may require ongoing management to control symptoms.

Individuals with IBS may experience periods of remission, where symptoms are mild or non-existent, followed by flare-ups where symptoms worsen. These fluctuations can significantly impact an individual’s daily life and overall well-being. It’s essential to work closely with a healthcare team to find the best treatment plan for managing your symptoms.

Potential Consequences If Left Untreated

While IBS is not usually a life-threatening condition, it can significantly impact your quality of life if left untreated. In very rare cases, it may increase the risk of developing certain life-threatening conditions. Some potential consequences of untreated IBS include:

• Chronic pain and discomfort: The most common symptom of IBS is abdominal pain and discomfort. If left untreated, these IBS symptoms can become chronic and affect daily activities.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Depending on the type of IBS, it can cause constipation or diarrhea. Both can affect nutrient absorption and potentially cause deficiencies if left untreated.
• Mental health issues: Living with a chronic condition like IBS can take a toll on a person’s mental health. Untreated symptoms can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues.
• Difficulty with work and social activities: IBS symptoms can be unpredictable and debilitating, making it challenging to maintain a regular work schedule or engage in social activities.
• Increased risk of other digestive disorders: Research has shown that if IBS is left untreated, individuals may have an increased risk of developing other digestive disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Manages Pain Associated With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

We utilize a protocol that consists of a Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach to help relieve chronic pain and inflammation. This unique whole-person approach involves addressing the underlying neurological causes of the pain and providing personalized treatment plans. It is a safe and effective pain management solution for a wide variety of conditions that cause chronic pain, including IBS.

All of the treatment modalities are drug-free, non-surgical, non-invasive, and non-chiropractic. They are particularly effective at treating IBS due to their ability to reduce inflammation using a combination of electroanalgesia and IV therapy. We can also help with dietary management through personalized nutrition plans and supplementation.

Relieve Irritable Bowel Syndrome Pain

IBS is a chronic condition that can have an enormous impact on your quality of life if left untreated. However, with proper management, you can find relief from your IBS symptoms and improve your overall well-being.

We offer personalized pain management solutions for individuals with IBS through the unique Neurofunctional Pain Management approach we use. Contact us today to learn more and start your journey towards a pain-free life.

Dealing with chronic pain and stiffness in the shoulder can be a very challenging experience, especially when it impedes your day-to-day activities. Although several conditions can cause shoulder pain, one condition that causes stiffness as well as pain is adhesive capsulitis, also known as a “frozen shoulder.”

A frozen shoulder can significantly limit your range of motion and affect your quality of life in several ways. For instance, simple tasks such as brushing your hair, putting on clothes, or reaching for items can become extremely difficult and painful. It can even cause trouble sleeping if you tend to sleep on the affected shoulder. The Relatyv A frozen shoulder can significantly limit your range of motion and affect your quality of life in several ways. For instance, simple tasks such as brushing your hair, putting on clothes, or reaching for items can become extremely difficult and painful. It can even cause trouble sleeping if you tend to sleep on the affected shoulder. The Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management treatment protocol can help manage chronic pain caused by a frozen shoulder. treatment protocol can help manage chronic pain caused by a frozen shoulder.

What Is Frozen Shoulder – AKA Adhesive Capsulitis?

A frozen shoulder develops when the connective tissue that surrounds the shoulder joint thickens and becomes inflamed, thereby making it difficult to move the arm.

Freezing Stage

At this stage, the shoulder slowly becomes more painful and stiff.

Frozen Stage

At the frozen stage, the pain may decrease, but the stiffness remains.

Thawing Stage

The shoulder slowly regains mobility at this stage.

Common Symptoms Of Adhesive Capsulitis

• Persistent shoulder pain and inflammation at night: Experiencing pain and inflammation at night commonly manifests in the freezing and frozen stages.
• Stiffness and limited range of motion in the shoulders: As adhesive capsulitis progresses, the shoulder joint becomes increasingly stiff.

Risk Factors And Causes Of Adhesive Capsulitis

Long Period Of Immobilization

Prolonged immobilization can lead to adhesive capsulitis.

Age And Sex

Frozen shoulders are more common after age 40.

Existing Medical Conditions

• Previous shoulder injury or surgery: Scar tissue or damage can lead to stiffness.
• Breast or lung cancer: Increased risk due to inflammation.
• Bursitis or rotator cuff tendinitis: Can cause inflammation.
• Stroke: Limited movement can contribute.
• Diabetes: Increased glucose can damage connective tissue.
• Neurological disorders: Such as Parkinson’s disease.
• Thyroid disorders: Hormonal imbalance may contribute.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: Autoimmune inflammation can affect the shoulder.

Diagnosis And Evaluation Of The Condition

• Medical history discussion: Review injuries, health conditions and medications.
• Physical examination to assess range of motion and pain: Assess movement and tenderness.
• Imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI to rule out other conditions: Rule out fractures and tears.

Conventional Treatment Options

• Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications: Help manage symptoms.
• Physical therapy: Improve strength and mobility.
• Corticosteroid injections: Reduce inflammation.
• Hydrodilation: Stretch the joint capsule.
• Surgery: Reserved for severe cases.

The Relatyv The Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Approach for Adhesive Capsulitis Approach for Adhesive Capsulitis

We take a Relatyv We take a Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach to treating chronic pain and inflammation caused by conditions such as a frozen shoulder. approach to treating chronic pain and inflammation caused by conditions such as a frozen shoulder.

Our treatment modalities are all FDA-cleared and have been shown to be both safe and effective.

Elevate Your Shoulder Health With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management

We offer a whole-person approach to managing chronic pain and inflammation caused by conditions like a frozen shoulder. The Relatyv We offer a whole-person approach to managing chronic pain and inflammation caused by conditions like a frozen shoulder. The Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach involves FDA-cleared modalities such as IV nutritional therapy, electroanalgesia, and lifestyle counseling to help improve overall shoulder health and function. approach involves FDA-cleared modalities such as IV nutritional therapy, electroanalgesia, and lifestyle counseling to help improve overall shoulder health and function.

Experiencing pain in the foot or ankle is generally a frustrating and debilitating experience for almost anyone. After all, these are two of the most used parts of the body for doing daily activities. It’s almost impossible to get through a day without putting weight on your feet or moving your ankles, so any discomfort or pain in these areas can significantly affect your quality of life. There are many different conditions that can cause foot or ankle pain; one such condition is tarsal tunnel syndrome.

What Is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?

The tarsal tunnel is a narrow space in the ankle where the posterior tibial nerve passes. Tarsal tunnel syndrome occurs when this nerve becomes compressed.

Symptoms Of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Pain: Pain in the foot and ankle ranging from mild to severe.
• Burning or tingling sensations: Similar to pins and needles.
• Numbness: Compression can reduce sensation.
• Abnormal sensations: Tightness, cramping, or electric-shock pain.
• Radiating pain: Pain may spread into the arch, heel, or leg.

What Causes Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?

• Flat feet or fallen arches: Increase strain on the posterior tibial nerve.
• Repeated pressure: Standing, walking, or running for long periods.
• Entrapment or compression: Cysts or varicose veins may compress the nerve.
• Injuries and trauma: Fractures or sprains can lead to inflammation.
• Damage to the tibial nerve: Diabetes or arthritis may contribute.

Diagnosing The Condition

• Physical examination and history: Review symptoms and examine the foot and ankle.
• Nerve conduction tests: Evaluate nerve function.

Conventional Treatment Options For Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) therapy: Reduce pain and swelling.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Manage pain and inflammation.
• Orthotics or shoes with added arch support: Reduce pressure on the nerve.
• Corticosteroid injections: Reduce inflammation.
• Surgery (in extreme cases): Last resort if conservative care fails.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management for Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

We have developed a treatment protocol that takes a Neurofunctional Pain Management approach to treat tarsal tunnel syndrome. This approach involves drug-free, non-invasive, non-surgical, and non-chiropractic treatment modalities that address neurological factors contributing to pain and dysfunction.

Live Beyond Pain With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management

Tarsal tunnel syndrome can cause significant discomfort and impact your daily life. However, with the right treatment, you can effectively manage the condition and regain comfort and mobility. Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach provides a safe and effective alternative to more conventional, risky treatments, allowing you to manage tarsal tunnel syndrome without relying on drugs or surgery. We will develop a personalized treatment plan to address your specific needs and help you overcome this condition.

Don’t let tarsal tunnel syndrome hold you back; contact us today and take the first step toward living beyond pain.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be a challenging and frustrating condition to live with. Although it does not usually lead to serious health problems, IBS can significantly impact daily activities and overall well-being. For example, it can make it difficult to go to work, attend social events, or travel because of the unpredictable nature of symptoms.

Fortunately, there are ways to treat IBS. We focus on treating the neurological factors that can contribute to IBS to provide long-term relief from chronic pain and inflammation.

What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

IBS affects around 10-15% of adults worldwide and is more commonly found in women than men. IBS is a chronic condition that causes recurring abdominal discomfort and pain. It’s a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, also known as the colon.

Types Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• There are three main types of IBS, each characterized by different symptoms. These types include:

IBS With Constipation (IBS-C)

As the name suggests, individuals with IBS-C experience constipation as their primary symptom. This means they have difficulty passing stool and may only have a bowel movement once or twice a week. This can cause abdominal pain and discomfort due to the trapped gas and stool in the intestines.

IBS With Diarrhea (IBS-D)

IBS-D is characterized by frequent episodes of diarrhea, along with abdominal pain and discomfort. Those with IBS-D may experience an urgent need to use the bathroom, leading to feelings of anxiety and embarrassment. Those with this type of IBS are often fearful of leaving their homes or traveling to unfamiliar places, especially if it involves eating out, as they never know when they may need to use the bathroom.

IBS With Mixed Bowel Habits (IBS-M)

IBS-M causes both constipation and diarrhea. This can make it difficult for individuals to predict when they will need to use the bathroom, leading to anxiety and stress in social situations.

Symptoms Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• There are numerous symptoms associated with IBS, and they can vary in severity from person to person. The most common symptoms include:

Change In Appearance And Frequency Of Bowel Movements

One of the primary symptoms of IBS is a change in the appearance and frequency of bowel movements. This can range from constipation, where there are infrequent or difficult bowel movements, to diarrhea, where there is an urgent need to use the bathroom.

Tiredness, Nausea, And Weakness

Tiredness, nausea, and weakness are common symptoms experienced by individuals with IBS. This is because the condition can affect the body’s ability to absorb nutrients from food. As a result, it can lead to deficiencies and fatigue. The constant discomfort and pain can also cause tiredness and weakness.

Muscle Spasms In The Stomach

Muscle spasms in the stomach are a common symptom of IBS and can cause cramping, bloating, and discomfort. These spasms occur when the muscles in the intestines contract too strongly or for longer than necessary, resulting in pain and changes in bowel habits. They occur due to nerve and muscle dysfunction in the digestive tract.

Bloating And Swollen Stomach

Bloating and a swollen stomach are also common symptoms of IBS. This is because the condition can disrupt the natural balance of gut bacteria, leading to excess gas production and bloating, thereby making the stomach appear larger.

Excess Gas

Excess gas is another common symptom of IBS and can be uncomfortable and embarrassing for those who experience it. Excess gas is typically caused by the body’s inability to properly digest certain types of carbohydrates, leading to fermentation in the gut and gas production.

Heartburn

Heartburn is a symptom characterized by a burning sensation in the chest, throat, or neck. It occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus and can be triggered by certain foods or stress. IBS can cause heartburn due to an excess of gas and bloating, which can put pressure on the esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back up.

Causes And Risk Factors Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of factors that contribute to the development of the condition. These factors include:

Gut Motility Issues

Gut motility refers to the process of food and waste moving through the digestive tract. In individuals with IBS, there may be abnormal contractions, either too strong or too weak, affecting how fast food moves through the intestines.

Visceral Hypersensitivity

Visceral hypersensitivity is a condition where individuals experience heightened sensations of pain or discomfort in their internal organs. This can lead to the brain interpreting normal gut movements as painful, leading to increased sensitivity and symptoms of IBS.

Infection

In some cases, IBS can develop after you’ve experienced an infection in the digestive tract, such as gastroenteritis. This is known as post-infectious IBS and may be caused by inflammation or changes in gut bacteria.

Dietary Factors

Certain foods can trigger symptoms of IBS, such as dairy products, caffeine, and spicy or fatty foods. Dietary triggers may vary from person to person due to individual sensitivities, making it essential to track food intake and symptoms to identify triggers.

Stress And Psychological Factors

Certain psychological factors, such as depression and anxiety, can also contribute to the development of IBS. This is because the brain and gut are closely connected, and stress can affect digestive function and sensitivity in individuals with IBS.

Hormonal Changes

Fluctuations in hormones, such as during menstruation or menopause, may also play a role in the development of IBS. This is because hormones can affect gut motility and sensitivity. It’s one of the reasons that IBS tends to affect more women than men.

Genetics

While not fully understood, there may be a genetic component to IBS as it tends to run in families. Research is ongoing to determine specific genetic factors that may contribute to the development of the condition.

Diagnosing Irritable Bowel Syndrome

• If you’re having symptoms of IBS, it’s essential to see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. There is no specific test for IBS, and diagnosis is usually based on the following:
• Physical exam: A doctor will perform a physical examination as well as ask about your specific symptoms, medical history, and family history to rule out other potential causes of your symptoms. Checking for physical signs, such as bloating or tenderness in the abdomen, can also help confirm a diagnosis.
• Blood test: The doctor may do a blood test to look for certain underlying conditions that could be causing similar symptoms, such as celiac disease.
• Stool sample: The doctor may evaluate a stool sample to look for infections or other abnormalities in the digestive system, such as parasites or bacteria.
• X-ray: In some cases, a doctor may order an X-ray in addition to other imaging tests to rule out any structural issues in the digestive tract.
• Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy may be recommended if you have symptoms such as rectal bleeding or weight loss, as it allows the doctor to examine the entire colon and rule out any serious conditions.

Conventional Treatment Options

• Once you’ve been officially diagnosed with IBS, your doctor may recommend the following treatment options:

Low-FODMAP Diet

A low-FODMAP diet involves avoiding certain types of carbohydrates that are known to trigger symptoms in individuals with IBS. These include fermentable sugars found in foods such as wheat, onions, and legumes.

Medications

A traditional doctor will often prescribe various types of medications to help manage your symptoms. These include:

• Fiber supplements: Fiber can help regulate bowel movements and reduce constipation. However, to avoid making symptoms worse, you should increase your fiber intake gradually and drink plenty of water.
• Anti-diarrheal medications: If diarrhea is a predominant symptom, you may be prescribed certain medications to help slow down gut motility. However, there are some potential side effects, such as constipation and bloating.
• Antispasmodic agents: These medications can help relieve abdominal pain and cramping by relaxing the gut muscles. However, these agents can cause a wide range of side effects, including headaches, dizziness, fatigue, constipation, dyspepsia, and dry mouth, to name a few.
• Antidepressant medications: Low doses of certain antidepressants (such as tricyclic antidepressants) have been shown to help relieve symptoms of IBS. This is because they can help regulate gut motility and pain perception. The drawback is that they can cause various side effects, such as dry mouth, drowsiness, and sexual dysfunction.
• IBS medication: There are some IBS-specific medications, such as Alosetron and Lubiprostone, that can help manage symptoms in individuals with more severe or refractory cases. However, these medications may also have serious side effects and will require close monitoring by a doctor.

Alternative Therapies

• There are a few alternative therapies available that could help with IBS symptoms as well. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support their effectiveness, and they may not work for everyone. Some commonly used alternative therapies include:
• Acupuncture: Acupuncture involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points throughout the body. This aims to help relieve pain and other symptoms.
• Herbal remedies: Certain herbs, such as peppermint oil and chamomile, may help alleviate symptoms of IBS. However, you should consult with a healthcare professional before you try any herbal remedies. This is because they can interact with medications and have potential side effects.

Outlook For Individuals With Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

While there is currently no cure for IBS, the symptoms can be managed with various lifestyle changes and treatments. However, it’s important to note that IBS is a chronic condition. This means that it may require ongoing management to control symptoms.

Individuals with IBS may experience periods of remission, where symptoms are mild or non-existent, followed by flare-ups where symptoms worsen. These fluctuations can significantly impact an individual’s daily life and overall well-being. It’s essential to work closely with a healthcare team to find the best treatment plan for managing your symptoms.

Potential Consequences If Left Untreated

• While IBS is not usually a life-threatening condition, it can significantly impact your quality of life if left untreated. In very rare cases, it may increase the risk of developing certain life-threatening conditions. Some potential consequences of untreated IBS include:
• Chronic pain and discomfort: The most common symptom of IBS is abdominal pain and discomfort. If left untreated, these IBS symptoms can become chronic and affect daily activities.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Depending on the type of IBS, it can cause constipation or diarrhea. Both can affect nutrient absorption and potentially cause deficiencies if left untreated.
• Mental health issues: Living with a chronic condition like IBS can take a toll on a person’s mental health. Untreated symptoms can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues.
• Difficulty with work and social activities: IBS symptoms can be unpredictable and debilitating, making it challenging to maintain a regular work schedule or engage in social activities.
• Increased risk of other digestive disorders: Research has shown that if IBS is left untreated, individuals may have an increased risk of developing other digestive disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer.

How Neurofunctional Pain Management Manages Pain Associated With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

We utilize a protocol that consists of a Neurofunctional Pain Management (NFPM) approach to help relieve chronic pain and inflammation. This unique whole-person approach involves addressing the underlying neurological causes of the pain and providing personalized treatment plans. It is a safe and effective pain management solution for a wide variety of conditions that cause chronic pain, including IBS.

All of the treatment modalities are drug-free, non-surgical, non-invasive, and non-chiropractic. They are particularly effective at treating IBS due to their ability to reduce inflammation using a combination of electroanalgesia and IV therapy. We can also help with dietary management through personalized nutrition plans and supplementation.

Relieve Irritable Bowel Syndrome Pain

IBS is a chronic condition that can have an enormous impact on your quality of life if left untreated. However, with proper management, you can find relief from your IBS symptoms and improve your overall well-being.

We offer personalized pain management solutions for individuals with IBS through the unique NFPM we use. Contact us today to learn more and start your journey towards a pain-free life.

Dealing with any type of pain in the elbow can make daily activities difficult, since the elbow is used for almost all movements involving the arm, from bending and straightening to rotating and gripping. As a result, chronic elbow pain can significantly impact your quality of life. One common cause of elbow pain is ulnar nerve entrapment. Although ulnar nerve entrapment can be incredibly painful and physically limiting, there are ways to manage your elbow pain without having to resort to pain medications or invasive surgeries.

Types Of Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

Ulnar nerve entrapment develops when the ulnar nerve (which runs all the way down from the neck to the hand) gets compressed or irritated at certain points along its pathway. Because of the length of this nerve, entrapment can happen at various points in the arm. However, the most common locations for ulnar nerve entrapment are at the elbow and wrist.

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Cubital tunnel syndrome occurs when the nerve gets compressed or irritated as it passes through the cubital tunnel at the elbow.

Guyon’s Canal Syndrome

Guyon’s canal syndrome is a type of ulnar nerve entrapment that occurs at the wrist.

Symptoms To Look Out For

Elbow Pain

Pain and discomfort in the elbow are often the first symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment.

Causes Of The Entrapment Of The Ulnar Nerve

• Injury And Trauma: Injury or trauma…
• Arthritis: Arthritis can contribute.
• Broken Bones: Broken bones may compress the nerve.
• Bone Spurs: Bone spurs may compress the nerve.
• Compressive Mass Lesions: Growths can compress the nerve.

Diagnosing The Condition

• Physical examination: Examine elbow and wrist.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Detailed imaging.
• Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS): Assess nerve function.
• X-rays: Check for bone abnormalities.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

• Rest: Reduce inflammation.
• Splinting: Keep elbow neutral.
• Physical therapy exercises: Improve range of motion.
• Nerve gliding exercises: Mobilize the nerve.

Surgical Options And When To Consider Getting Surgery

• Surgical release: Releases pressure on the nerve.
• Ulnar nerve transposition: Moves the nerve.
• Nerve grafting and neuroma excision: Reserved for severe cases.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

If more conventional treatment isn’t working and you don’t want to resort to potentially risky surgical procedures, the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach is an effective alternative solution. We use the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach, meaning that we use a variety of drug-free, non-invasive, and non-surgical methods to address the underlying neurological factors contributing to your pain.

Find Lasting Relief from Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

You should see a doctor if you experience symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment. Proper diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage and improve your chances of finding relief without surgery. One way to manage ulnar nerve entrapment pain without surgery is through the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management protocol. We use a whole-person approach to help patients find long-term pain relief and improve overall quality of life. Through personalized care, comprehensive treatment modalities, and lifestyle guidance, we help you restore function, reduce pain, and get back to the activities you enjoy. Don’t let ulnar nerve entrapment keep you from living life on your terms—contact us today to learn how we can help.

Sciatica is a painful nerve condition that can cause extreme discomfort and even disability. It results from a pinched or irritated sciatic nerve, which is a long nerve that runs all the way from the lower back to the buttocks and legs.

• Unfortunately, it’s also a very misunderstood condition. Sciatica is not a medical diagnosis in itself: it’s a set of symptoms caused by an underlying condition affecting the sciatic nerve. As such, sciatica can be caused by many different conditions and is one of the most common types of pain people experience. In fact, it’s estimated that around 40 percent of people will experience sciatica pain at some point in their life.

Fortunately, with the appropriate treatment, it is possible to reduce or even eliminate the pain associated with sciatica and to treat the underlying condition.

What Is Sciatica?

Sciatica most commonly occurs when one or more nerve roots that form the sciatic nerve become compressed or irritated in the lower spine. This nerve root compression can cause severe pain and may limit a person’s ability to move, work, or perform everyday activities. Diagnosis of sciatica can be based on the patient’s medical history, physical examination, and various imaging tests such as an X-ray or MRI, which are also used to help diagnose the underlying condition.

Sciatic Nerve Anatomy

The sciatic nerve is the longest, thickest nerve in the body. It starts at the base of the spine and runs through the pelvis down through the buttocks, where it then splits into two branches that go down to the lower legs. The sciatic nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries both motor and sensory information.

When there is pressure or entrapment of a nerve root along the sciatic nerve, this can cause pain to radiate along the length of the nerve. This pain is commonly described as stabbing, burning, or even electric-like.

Symptoms Of Sciatica Pain

• Sciatica can cause various symptoms due to the nerve being pinched or irritated. The type of symptom experienced can vary based on where the nerve is being affected and the underlying condition that’s causing sciatica. Common symptoms of sciatica include:

Pain in Lower Back, Bottom, and Legs

The most common sciatica symptom is pain radiating from the lower back, down to the butt and into one or both legs. Pain can be achy, burning, tingling, or sharp in nature and is usually worse when sitting or standing for long periods.

Numbness

Another symptom of sciatica can be feelings of numbness or tingling in the affected limb. This is due to the nerve being pinched or entrapped, which causes a disruption in the nerve’s ability to send pain signals. These feelings of numbness can be accompanied by an inability to feel certain sensations, such as pressure.

Loss of Movement

In more severe cases, sciatica can cause a loss of movement in the affected limb. This is due to the nerve being compressed and unable to send signals to the muscles, resulting in weakness or a feeling of heaviness. This can lead to difficulty walking and performing everyday activities.

Pins and Needles

People with sciatica may experience a pins and needles sensation when they put pressure on the affected limb or move it in certain positions. This is caused by nerve entrapment, which can cause the nerve to become overstimulated and send a tingling feeling throughout the area.

Swelling Or Redness

In some cases, sciatica can cause swelling or redness in the affected area. This is due to inflammation of the nerve root, which can be caused by an injury to the nerve or disk herniation. This can cause pain and discomfort in the area, as well as difficulty moving the affected limb.

Causes Of Sciatica

• One of the reasons sciatica is so common is that so many different things can cause it. Some of the possible causes of sciatica include:

Herniated/Slipped Disk

The spine’s vertebrae are cushioned by disks, which help absorb shock and allow movement.

A herniated or slipped disk is a condition in which the cushioning between two vertebrae of the spine becomes damaged. If this occurs in the lower back, it can lead to the disk pinching or irritating the sciatic nerve, leading to lower back pain, arm or leg pain, numbness, and tingling.

A lot of things can cause a herniated disk. For example, lifting a heavy object using your back muscles can put pressure on the disks, leading to a herniated disk. A traumatic injury, such as an automobile accident or fall, can also cause a herniated disk.

Degenerative Disk Disease

Degenerative disk disease has the same effect on your sciatic nerve that a herniated disk does. The difference between the two conditions is that degenerative disk disease is caused by the gradual deterioration of the disks in the spine due to age or wear and tear. This can cause the disks to become weak and brittle, making them more prone to herniations or slips.

Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is when the spinal canal (the spaces in the spine) narrows, leading to increased pressure on the nerve roots. This can lead to pain, numbness, and tingling in the affected area.

Anyone can get spinal stenosis; however, it’s more common in older people, as the chances of developing the condition increase with age. This is because the ligaments keeping the vertebrae in place can thicken and calcify with age, thereby narrowing the spinal canal. It’s worth noting that some people are born with a narrow spinal canal as well, although this is rare. An injury (such as a fracture) can also cause the spinal canal to narrow.

Finally, there are some medical conditions that can lead to spinal stenosis. These conditions include arthritis, spinal tumors, and Paget’s disease.

Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra slips over the vertebra located below it. If it slips too far, it can press on the sciatic nerve, causing pain and other symptoms. Spondylolisthesis is most common in people over the age of 50. It is typically the result of abnormal wear on the cartilage and bones, which is why arthritis is a very common cause of spondylolisthesis.

This condition can also be caused by bone disease or an injury (such as a fracture or dislocation). For example, people playing football or doing gymnastics are sometimes prone to spondylolisthesis.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is known as the most common type of arthritis. It’s a degenerative condition in which the cartilage in the joint breaks down. Osteoarthritis can cause inflammation which can, in turn, lead to swelling and pain. Osteoarthritis in the spine (known as Spondylosis) and the hip joints can put pressure on the sciatic nerve.

Piriformis Syndrome

Piriformis syndrome is when the piriformis muscle becomes tight and irritates the sciatic nerve, leading to pain or numbness in the buttocks, hips, or upper legs.

The piriformis muscle is located in the butt, and when it becomes tight, it can compress the sciatic nerve. Piriformis syndrome can be caused by injury or overuse of the muscle, swelling, scar tissue, or muscle spasms.

Tumors

In rare cases, a tumor can cause the compression of the sciatic nerve and lead to pain and other symptoms. This can happen when the tumor is located in or near the spine.

Risk Factors Of Sciatica

• There are a variety of risk factors that can lead to the underlying conditions that cause sciatica. These risk factors include the following:

Age

Age is one of the most common risk factors for sciatica. As you age, your spine will become more prone to injury and wear and tear. This is because, as you age, your spine is less able to heal itself and more likely to suffer from degenerative changes. In addition, age is a common risk factor for conditions like degenerative disk disease and osteoarthritis, all of which can lead to sciatica.

Obesity

Obesity is another risk factor for sciatica. Being overweight strains your spine by putting extra pressure on the vertebrae and disks. This can lead to conditions like herniated disks and spondylolisthesis, both of which can cause sciatica.

Poor Posture

Poor posture can also increase your risk of sciatica. Poor posture puts extra strain on the spine. It can lead to conditions like herniated disks and spinal stenosis, both of which can cause sciatica.

Occupation

Certain occupations can also increase your risk of sciatica. For example, occupations requiring heavy lifting, twisting, or other movements that strain the spine can lead to conditions like herniated disks and degenerative disk disease, both of which can lead to sciatica. For example, occupations such as construction workers and warehouse workers are more likely to suffer from sciatica.

How Diagnosis Works

When diagnosing sciatica, a doctor typically begins by taking a medical history from the patient and performing a physical exam. The doctor will perform the “straight leg raise test as part of the exam.” This involves the patient lying on the back and lifting his or her legs in a straight line to see if it causes pain. Additionally, the doctor may inspect the back for signs of weakness or tenderness. The doctor may also check reflexes, muscle strength, and sensation in the affected area.

In addition, the doctor may order imaging tests such as an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI. These imaging tests can help to identify any underlying conditions that may be causing the sciatica pain. Once a diagnosis is made, the doctor will create a treatment plan based on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.

Sciatica Treatment Options

• Sciatica is treated in various ways depending on the type of medical professional you’re seeing and the specifics of the diagnosis (meaning, the underlying cause). With that in mind, the following are some of the common ways that traditional doctors typically treat sciatica:

Medication

Medication is a common way to treat sciatica. Pain relievers including ibuprofen, naproxen, and acetaminophen, can help reduce inflammation and pain. Muscle relaxants are also sometimes prescribed to ease muscle spasms. In cases of severe pain, stronger pain medications such as opioids may be prescribed. However, the problem with medication, in general, is that it does not address the underlying cause of sciatica; it only treats the symptoms.

Additionally, many medications, especially stronger medications (such as opioids), come with potential side effects and can be habit-forming.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is another common way to treat sciatica. Physical therapy involves exercises that can help strengthen the muscles in the back and abdomen, as well as stretches to improve flexibility. These exercises can help reduce pain by relieving pressure on the sciatic nerve.

However, it is essential to note that not all exercises suit everyone. Before starting a physical therapy regimen, it is best to discuss with your doctor the types of exercises that would be most beneficial for you. If the condition isn’t properly diagnosed, the exercises aren’t tailored to the individual, or the exercises aren’t done correctly, physical therapy can actually make the sciatica pain worse.

Steroid Injections

Steroid injections are another form of treatment that can reduce inflammation and pain. Steroids can be injected directly into the area around the sciatic nerve, which helps to decrease inflammation and reduce pain. However, steroid injections — like medications — only provide short-term pain relief and don’t address the underlying condition.

On top of that, they can also have side effects, such as increased pain or swelling near the injection site, and can even result in an infection or even nerve damage if not administered correctly.

Microdiscectomy

Microdiscectomy is a type of surgery that should only be used if all other treatments have failed to provide relief. During the procedure, a surgeon removes a small portion of a herniated disk that is causing pressure on the sciatic nerve. This can help to reduce pain and improve mobility. However, as with any surgery, there are potential risks and side effects. Like all surgical procedures, microdiscectomy could result in complications such as infection and nerve damage. In addition, recovery can take weeks or months, depending on the individual and the procedure.

As well as dealing with additional pain and discomfort during the healing process, success is not guaranteed. Considering how expensive any invasive procedure can be, it’s best to explore all other options before pursuing surgery.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Helps Treat Sciatica

Unlike more traditional treatment solutions, we take a conservative approach to treating sciatica pain, meaning we avoid the use of medications, invasive procedures, and chiropractic treatments. Instead, our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach uses drug-free, non-invasive, non-surgical therapies to address the underlying neurological factors contributing to pain.

This holistic approach to pain management focuses on providing long-term pain relief by addressing the underlying problem rather than just masking the symptoms. Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach combines various techniques to treat sciatica and other chronic pain conditions, such as electroanalgesia, IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling.

Sciatica Prognosis

The prognosis for sciatica depends on the underlying cause of the condition. If a herniated disk is causing sciatica, the prognosis is generally good since the herniated disk may naturally move back into place over time. If a degenerative condition is causing sciatica, such as spinal stenosis or spondylolisthesis, the condition may be long-term and require ongoing management. However, with early diagnosis and proper treatment, sciatica can often be managed with minimal disruption to the patient’s daily activities.

Ankle sprains are a relatively common injury. They occur when the ankle ligament is overstretched or torn. This can happen from a sudden twist, fall, or impact to the ankle joint. Ankle sprains can vary in severity, with some causing mild discomfort while others result in severe pain and instability. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for an ankle sprain can help you manage the injury more effectively and support a successful recovery. Otherwise, you risk further complications and prolonged recovery time. In fact, trying to put weight on a sprained ankle too soon can make the injury worse and delay healing.

Anatomy Of The Ankle – Where Does The Pain Occur?

The ankle joint consists of the tibia, fibula, and talus. Ligaments connect these bones and provide stability. When these ligaments are stretched beyond their capacity, a sprain occurs.

• Based on the severity of the injury, ankle sprains are classified into one of three grades:
• Grade 1: Mild stretching or microscopic tearing.
• Grade 2: Partial ligament tear with increased pain and swelling.
• Grade 3: Complete ligament tear with severe pain and instability.

What Causes Ankle Sprains?

• Sudden twisting, turning, or rolling of the foot: Common during sports.
• Falling caused by uneven surfaces or imbalance: May cause the ankle to roll.
• Wearing improper footwear: Increases risk.
• Weak ankle muscles: Increase susceptibility.
• Previous ankle sprains: Increase future risk.

Common Symptoms Of Ankle Sprains

• Popping feeling or sound: May indicate ligament damage.
• Pain and instability: May worsen with walking.
• Bruising: Common after injury.
• Difficulty bearing weight: Especially with severe sprains.

How Are Ankle Sprains Diagnosed And Evaluated?

• Physical examination: Assess swelling and stability.
• Medical history: Review symptoms and previous injuries.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, MRI, or CT scans when needed.

What Treatment Options Are Available?

R.I.C.E. Method

• Rest: Limit activity.
• Ice: Apply 15 minutes every few hours.
• Compression: Use an elastic bandage.
• Elevation: Keep above heart level.

Pain Medication

OTC pain relievers or NSAIDs may help but are not intended for prolonged use.

Devices

• Elastic bandage: Compression and support.
• Sports tape or ankle brace: Improve stability.
• Casting or splinting: For severe sprains.

Physical Therapy

Exercises help restore strength, mobility, balance, and stability.

Surgery

Reserved for severe ligament tears or chronic instability after conservative treatment fails.

Our Protocol For Managing Pain From Ankle Sprains

We help reduce inflammation and manage pain through our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach, using drug-free, non-invasive, non-surgical therapies that address the underlying neurological factors contributing to pain.

Regain Mobility And Get Back to What You Love

Ankle sprains can make everyday movement difficult. With prompt treatment and a personalized plan, most people can recover successfully. Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach is designed to help reduce pain, improve mobility, and support long-term recovery without relying on surgery or long-term medication use.

Experiencing a bone fracture is undeniably a defining and challenging time. It causes immediate pain, which might persist for weeks or even months during the healing process. Fractures also limit your mobility and ability to carry out daily activities. And, beyond the physical discomfort, they can become a predominant source of concern, affecting your emotional and mental well-being.

Whether the fracture was caused by a sudden accident, injury, overuse, or an underlying health issue, having an in-depth understanding is essential for effectively managing discomfort and optimizing recovery.

This article provides an overview of bone fractures, including their types, causes, symptoms, potential complications, diagnosis, treatment options, and recovery. Understanding these topics can help you recognize when to seek medical care and make informed decisions throughout the healing process.

Additionally, we explore how the healing process from a bone fracture can be both effective and more comfortable, thanks to the innovative treatments offered by Relatyv. Our protocols are specially designed to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with a broken bone without resorting to long-term painkillers or invasive surgical procedures.

Let’s begin by learning more about the many types of bone fractures.

What Is a Bone Fracture?

A bone fracture occurs when a bone is damaged or broken. It usually leads to a sudden and potentially ongoing disturbance of its normal structure and function until it is treated and healed. The immediate consequence is pain, and a fracture can range from a very small hairline crack to a complete break.

There are many other types of bone fractures, each one bringing its own set of challenges.

Different Types Of Fractures

It’s important to recognize that not all bone fractures are the same and that their nature and severity will determine the course of treatment and overall recovery. Let’s explore the different types in the headings below.

Closed

A closed fracture, also known as a “simple” fracture, occurs when the bone is damaged, yet there’s no penetration through the skin. The good news is that this type of fracture is generally less complicated to treat. However, it still requires careful management to ensure the bone realigns properly during the healing process.

Open

On the other hand, an open or “compound” fracture occurs when the bone breaks through the skin, becoming visible. Due to the nature of this kind of fracture, there is an increased chance of infection and tissue damage. Immediate and specialized care is crucial for open fractures to ensure proper treatment and minimize potential complications.

Incomplete

An incomplete, or “partial” fracture, develops when the bone is partially broken but not completely separated. This subset also includes greenstick fractures in children, where the bone bends but doesn’t break entirely. While the nature of these fractures may seem less severe, they require a highly involved treatment plan to ensure the bone heals in alignment and without deformity.

Complete

A complete fracture indicates a total break through the bone, resulting in two or more distinct pieces. When a complete fracture becomes “displaced,” it means the broken bone has moved out of proper alignment.

• Beyond these broad categories, fractures are also named based on the pattern of the break, how the break looks, and what direction it’s broken, such as:

Transverse

When a fracture is referred to as “transverse,” it implies that the break occurred exactly across its axis. This type of fracture often results from a direct impact.

Longitudinal

Alternatively, a longitudinal fracture is a break that runs parallel to the bone’s axis. While they’re less common in general, they are typically seen in long bone fractures, such as the femur.

Comminuted

Comminuted fractures are much more complex, involving the bone breaking into multiple fragments. This poses a much higher risk of complications during healing, and in many cases, surgical intervention is needed to restore stability and function.

Oblique

An oblique fracture is differently patterned again, describing a diagonal break across the bone. This type of fracture is often caused by a twisting or angular force.

Compression

Finally, compression fractures are frequently seen in the spine, where the

vertebrae are crushed or collapsed. This can be caused by injury or osteoporosis but is usually due to

age-related degeneration. This condition usually leads to a forward-leaning “stooped” posture in older

adults.

While an open fracture and some complete fractures may be unmistakable, it’s not

always so clear whether a bone has been broken. Let’s move on to how individuals can identify bone pain and

the typical symptoms of fractures.

Recognizing A Fracture – Bone Pain And Other Symptoms

Pain is a very personal and subjective experience. This means that different people will experience varying levels of pain from bone fractures, and no particular type is inherently more painful than another.

In addition to this, bone pain can generate symptoms that are similar to other musculoskeletal conditions, like a sprained ankle, plantar fasciitis, or tendonitis, making them difficult to detect. Pain can feel like a deep ache, sharp pains, extreme tenderness, or pinching.

• Aside from pain, there are additional symptoms that serve as telltale signs you may have fractured a bone. These include:

Swelling, Redness, Or Bleeding

Bone fractures can cause symptoms of swelling and redness. This is a sign of the natural healing process, inflammation – the body’s initial response to injury. After the incident, the immune system immediately sends cells to remove damaged tissue, bone fragments, and blood from broken vessels.

The inflammation process then attracts more immune cells, increasing blood flow to the area. This is what causes the injured area to appear inflamed, red, swollen, and tender. In severe cases of open or compound fractures, there can be external bleeding.

Restricted Mobility

Experiencing restricted mobility and reduced function is a notable symptom of a bone fracture. Difficulty moving a limb or joint can be due to the break itself, tissue damage, pain, and swelling.

However, some people are able to keep moving a fractured bone, but just because there is mobility of the affected area doesn’t mean there is no fracture.

Broken Skin With Protruding Bone

Open fractures are serious. When a bone breaks through the skin and protrudes outward, it is a clear indication that the fracture requires immediate medical attention.

Crepitus Of Bone Fragments

Bone crepitus describes the grating or cracking sensation during movement that can accompany fractures. Recognizing this specific symptom as a potential bone fracture can guide individuals to seek an accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

We encourage you to listen to your body’s signals. If you experience bone pain or other signs that something isn’t right, it’s your body urging you to stop and seek medical attention. Quick recognition and timely intervention are key to preventing further damage and guiding an effective treatment strategy.

Crepitus

Crepitus, which is the term used for the grating sensation that affects your joints, often indicates a more significant underlying problem. It is the crunching, cracking, or popping sound and sensation felt when your joints move. It can be caused by…

Read More About Crepitus

Common Causes Of Bone Fractures

• Bone fractures can happen to anyone at any time. Although accidents and sports injuries are typical causes, fractures can occur for a range of reasons. Let’s look at some of the more common ones under the headings below:

Trauma Or Injury

Accidents happen to all of us. Falls, sports-related impacts, or vehicle accidents all have the potential to cause fractures. If you’ve experienced any trauma or injury and have symptoms of pain or other signs that you may have broken a bone, it’s vital to seek prompt medical attention.

Overuse Or Repetitive Forces

When repetitive force is placed on the bones, it can result in small fractures on the bone’s surface, described as stress fractures. People who engage in physical activities, such as athletes or individuals with physically demanding jobs, are more susceptible. These fractures are known to be quite painful and also contribute to a reduction in structural integrity.

Older individuals who begin exercising more regularly than in the past, either to stay fit or as part of a therapeutic regimen for a specific health concern, may also develop stress fractures.

Health Conditions

• A number of medical conditions have the potential to weaken bones and raise the risk of bone fractures. These include but are not limited to:

Osteoporosis

This condition is common in older individuals. It weakens bones by reducing bone density, making them thinner and more fragile. This is due to a reduction in new bone formation and makes them prone to fractures.

Bone Cancer

Bone cancer that originates in the bone itself, also known as a bone sarcoma, isn’t very common. It is more common to see cancers that have originated elsewhere and spread to the bones. Either way, developing cancer in the bone will seriously affect its integrity and is a serious risk factor for fractures.

Hyperparathyroidism

Overactivity of the parathyroid glands causes the production of too much parathyroid hormone, which can weaken bones over time. It does this by causing your bones to release too much calcium, leaving them brittle and susceptible to fractures.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

This genetic disorder is aptly termed “brittle bone disease.” It is caused by a defect in the genes responsible for producing bone-strengthening collagen. As a result, bones develop with a weakened structure, making them fragile and prone to fracturing easily, even with little to no apparent injury.

In addition to these common causes, several lifestyle factors can increase the risk of bone fractures. We’ll discuss these in more detail in the next section.

Risk Factors Associated With Fractures

• Learning about the factors that increase the likelihood of bone fractures can lead you to proactively improve your overall bone health. Let’s look at the following risk factors:
• Age: As we age, the bones tend to weaken naturally due to a reduction in new bone formation, making them more susceptible to fractures.
• Gender: Women, especially those who are postmenopausal, face an elevated risk of bone fractures because reduced estrogen levels can impact bone density.
• Reduced bone density: Reduced bone density, whether due to aging, medical conditions like osteoporosis, or lifestyle factors, weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures.
• Smoking: The use of tobacco directly affects bone health by causing reduced bone mass. This increases a person’s vulnerability to developing osteoporosis and fractures.
• Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol long term is also known to weaken bones over time, making fractures more likely.
• Calcium and vitamin D deficiency: Adequate vitamin D levels are vital for optimal calcium absorption in the body. An insufficient intake of both of these essential nutrients compromises bone strength and elevates the risk of fractures.

Now that you know the symptoms, common causes, and associated risk factors of bone fractures, you can make more informed choices about your lifestyle and recognize when to seek medical attention.

Remember, your health is a priority, and there’s always support and guidance available for you. Let’s change our focus to discuss the clinical process of assessing a bone fracture, as well as the various treatment options available.

Which Examinations Identify Bone Fractures?

• When doctors suspect a bone fracture, they may order diagnostic tests to precisely identify and assess the bone and surrounding tissues. The following tests provide health professionals with important information about the extent of the injury:

X-Rays

X-rays are used frequently because they can provide clear and detailed images of the bones’ structure. A simple X-ray will often be enough for your radiologist and doctor to decipher information such as which bone is broken, where, and what type of fracture has occurred.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

An MRI is a powerful tool that goes beyond bones, offering detailed insights into soft tissues like muscles, ligaments, cartilage, and tendons. It becomes especially useful when symptoms might indicate soft tissue damage or if a severe fracture has potentially affected the surrounding structures.

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

CT scans are a special type of X-ray imaging that takes cross-sectional pictures, providing a 3-D image rather than the X-ray’s 2D image. As a result, CT scans can provide a more comprehensive view of the injury from different angles, allowing specialists to evaluate both complex and small stress fractures, as well as identify potential complications.

Once a fracture is formally assessed, healthcare professionals can develop tailored treatment plans that support your journey to optimal healing, helping you return to your normal daily routine. In the upcoming sections, we’ll underscore why receiving this timely medical assessment is so important.

The Importance Of Prompt Medical Care For Fractures

Seeking prompt medical attention and care for fractures is crucial. This is because it can significantly influence an individual’s overall recovery and well-being. Let us explain this further.

Early intervention is going to ensure the fracture is accurately diagnosed and appropriately treated, improving the chances of successful healing. Without treatment, fractures can lead to complications like misalignment, deformity, and stress on surrounding muscles and nerves, resulting in heightened pain, reduced mobility, and long-term damage.

Additionally, if treatment is delayed, these complications may require multiple surgeries. However, even with surgical intervention, there is no guarantee full mobility and function can be restored.

Beyond physical discomfort, the long-term effects of not addressing fractures can impact a person’s mental health and overall quality of life. In the next section, we will discuss more about the acute and severe issues that may arise.

How Untreated Bone Fractures Can Lead to Serious Complications

Serious complications from untreated bone fractures can manifest within hours to days of the incident. This includes issues of blood loss, ongoing damage to surrounding tissues and organs, and infections that might affect the bone or even spread to the bloodstream, leading to sepsis.

Timely intervention for symptoms of a potential fracture is crucial to prevent these complications from escalating. Recognizing the urgency in treating fractures could prevent you from experiencing prolonged pain, potential disability, and the need for additional medical procedures.

A range of treatment options is available for managing the pain and discomfort of a bone fracture that also supports healing and ensures a smoother recovery. Keep reading to learn more.

Conventional Treatment Options For Bone Fractures

• The treatment choices for bone fractures will depend on individual factors like fracture severity, underlying health conditions, and personal preferences. To keep it simple, we’ll break down the different treatment options in the headings below:

Medication

Doctors often prescribe pain relievers and anti-inflammatories, such as ibuprofen, to manage pain and swelling during recovery. Over-the-counter options may not be enough in certain situations, and a doctor might suggest stronger prescription pain relievers to keep you comfortable.

Immobilization

In many cases, keeping the injured bone still helps it re-align correctly, ensuring it regains strength and works well once it’s healed.

Splint – A splint provides external support and prevents movement in the affected area.

Brace – Braces are more rigid than splints and offer enhanced stability for fractures that require a more secure setting.

Cast – Casts, made of plaster or fiberglass, provide comprehensive support. They aim to completely immobilize and stabilize the fractured bone during the healing process.

Slings – Slings support and immobilize the arm, facilitating healing for certain upper body fractures.

Traction

Traction is a more involved treatment that typically requires you to stay in the hospital for appropriate care. It involves the application of a gentle pulling force to realign and immobilize bones, which is particularly useful for fractures of the hips and lower legs.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is beneficial for minor fractures or as part of aftercare for larger fractures. It involves exercises and stretches that help restore mobility, strength, and flexibility. This provides additional and ongoing support after the initial healing phase.

Bone Surgery

In severe cases, surgery may be recommended for treatment.

Internal Fixation

Internal fixation surgery involves implants like screws, plates, or rods to stabilize fractures. This aims to promote proper alignment and healing.

External Fixation

External fixation involves using an external frame to stabilize bones from the outside. This is typically used in highly complex fractures and requires additional surgeries for removal as healing progresses.

Surgery should always be considered a last-resort treatment option and only be utilized when all other treatments are deemed unviable. This is because any invasive surgical procedure is regarded as a high-risk treatment with increased risks of complications.

After exploring these treatment options, the next step is to understand the recovery process.

How Long It Takes To Recover From Fractures

The actual bone break is a singular event, but the recovery journey will vary from person to person. The specific timeline depends on factors like the fracture’s severity and individual health conditions.

As a guide, minor fractures may mend in a few weeks, while complex ones could take months to a year. For a speedy recovery, it’s important to follow your doctor’s treatment plan and make sure your pain is well managed.

Effectively managing pain is a key component of healing. This is because the stress response to pain can hinder the recovery process. So, having effective pain control not only boosts your overall comfort but can also contribute to a more efficient recovery and improve your overall clinical outcome.

But this shouldn’t mean taking more or stronger pain medications. In the next section, we’ll discover the Relatyv protocol for pain management and how its innovative approach helps support adequate pain relief and accelerate the recovery process without needing to take more pills.

Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Approach for Bone Fracture Pain
Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach uses drug-free, non-invasive, and non-surgical therapies to help manage pain, reduce inflammation, and support recovery while addressing the underlying neurological factors contributing to discomfort.

Enhance Bone Strength Through Accelerated Healing

Understanding bone fractures is crucial to ensuring effective treatment and the best potential outcome. Whether dealing with minor or complex fractures, recognizing symptoms, seeking prompt medical care, and adopting appropriate treatments contribute to a smoother healing journey.

While recovery timelines can vary between individuals, encouraging optimal recovery for long-term bone health is key. Managing pain is a crucial part of the bone healing process, influencing both comfort and efficiency.

Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach is designed to help you stay comfortable throughout recovery while supporting mobility and long-term healing without relying on long-term medication or surgery.

You don’t have to struggle through fracture recovery alone. Our team develops a personalized treatment plan focused on relieving pain, supporting healing, and helping you return to your daily activities as safely and comfortably as possible.

Over 1.3 million people in the US alone are affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), making it one of the most common autoimmune causes of chronic joint pain and disability in the United States. A diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis can have a significant impact on many aspects of a person’s life.

Up to 30% of patients become permanently work-disabled within the first two to three years of the disease, while 41% and 11% experience activity and social limitations, respectively.

For many people, one of the most difficult aspects of receiving a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis is that there is currently no cure. Treatment often includes medications, complementary therapies with varying levels of clinical evidence, and, in some cases, surgery.

Over time, the side effects of surgery, increased disability, and the prospect of having to undergo surgery can take a toll on a person’s mental health. It isn’t surprising that up to 48% of people with RA suffer from some form of depression.

While there is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, advances in treatment have made it possible to better manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, and protect long-term joint health. At Relatyv, our Neurofunctional Pain Management approach complements your overall care with drug-free, non-invasive therapies designed to help reduce pain and improve function.

Let’s explore how this revolutionary method works below.

What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of inflammatory arthritis, an autoimmune disease that occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues. This lifelong condition causes pain and stiffness in several joints across the body and, if left untreated, it can lead to permanent joint damage and disability.

To better understand what RA is and how it develops, let’s start by looking at how healthy joints work.

A joint is where two or more bones meet. Its role is to enable movement while controlling how far and in what directions the different bones and muscles move.

Thanks to the complex structure of connective tissues (i.e. tendons and ligaments) and cartilage, the joints across the body are able to prevent injuries – such as bones slipping out of place – and allow for everyday activities from walking and running to grasping objects and performing sports.

There are different types of joints in the body, but the most common one is a synovial joint. Synovial joints include the knee, hip, and shoulders, and are characterized by certain features:

Strong bands of connective tissues – the ligaments and tendons – connect the bones and to the surrounding muscles. Their role is to prevent injuries and regulate the joint’s range of movement.

The end of each bone is cushioned by a slippery disc of gel-like fluid, known as articular cartilage, which allows the bones to glide easily across one another during movement.

The joint is encapsulated in a thin lining of tissue called synovium. This membrane produces hyaluronic acid and other substances that help keep the joint lubricated and protected from shock.

Synovial tissue, called tenosynovium, lines the tight tunnels where the tendons run, to protect them from friction damage and allow them to glide within the tunnels.

Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when certain cells of the immune system begin to mistakenly attack healthy tissues in the body, especially the synovial tissue and the tenosynovium.

The malfunctioning immune cells begin to release substances that cause inflammation in the synovium, which causes it to swell and thicken. The inflammatory cells also begin to spread across surrounding tissues, including the cartilage and bones. When the tenosynovium is affected, the tendon sheaths (which are the tunnels that house the tendons) become swollen and cause damage to the tendons, leading to severe tendon tears.

Besides pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, if left untreated, RA can also lead to permanent joint damage and serious disability. However, thanks to advanced treatment options, it is now possible to modify the disease, prevent the progression of joint damage, and avoid the most serious complications of RA, including deformities and joint destruction.

What Are the Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis vary greatly, depending on how advanced the disease is and what joints are affected. However, most people with this condition report the following symptoms:

Pain around and radiating from the joint affected

Joints that ache even when at rest

Joint swelling, redness, and warmth, are the consequences of inflammation

Stiffness, especially after periods of rest (in the mornings or after sitting for a long time)

Symptoms that spread across the body, such as fever, low energy levels, and loss of appetite

Complications of inflammation, including dry eyes and chest pain

Fatigue and weakness, often due to low levels of red blood cells (anemia)

Deformities and contractures (the stiffening and shortening of tissues in the joint), such as bunions and hammer toes

Nodules or fleshy lumps – known as rheumatoid nodules – which are present in up to 25% of people with RA.

The joints most commonly affected by RA are fingers, hands, wrists, knees, ankles, feet, and toes. The early symptoms of RA are most commonly felt in the smallest joints of the fingers and toes, and they usually affect the same joint on both sides of the body (e.g. both hands or both feet).

The intensity of symptoms tends to increase alongside the progression of the disease, but it significantly increases during flare-ups. Studies show that over 23% of people with RA experience sustained remission (months or years without symptoms) without medications. Others notice that their symptoms come and go, and they are only noticeable during flare-ups.

Nonetheless, even during periods of remission, these people aren’t cured. Uncontrolled inflammation can, over time, lead to a wide range of impactful symptoms, including pains in different areas of the body, weakness, spasms, and disability. We’ll look at these symptoms in more detail below.

What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?

The exact cause of RA is unknown. However, researchers have unveiled that certain environmental factors may act as triggers, which activate the disease in people who carry certain genes. Even though RA isn’t considered an inherited disease, when the body is exposed to these triggers, the immune system begins to respond incorrectly, leading to rheumatoid arthritis.

• There are several known triggers for RA, and they may vary from one person to another. However, the most common ones include:

Genetics. While it is unclear what the genetic correlation to RA is, it has been seen that triggers such as smoking and diet can lead to the development of disease in people who have a certain genetic makeup. In particular, having the HLA gene sequences can increase the risk of RA five-fold.

Other genes linked with RA include PTPN22, STAT4, TRAF1, and C5, which are associated with the activation of the immune system and chronic inflammation. Additionally, having a relative with this condition can increase the risk.

Hormones. Abnormal levels of certain hormones, especially corticosteroids and female sex hormones like estrogen and progesterone, have been seen to be associated with a higher risk of RA. This link may also contribute to the fact that females are two to three times more likely to develop this disease than males.

Similarly, the increase of estrogen and progesterone levels during pregnancy may prevent the onset or flare-ups of RA.

Infection. When you suffer an infection, your immune system activates to fight it off. As it triggers inflammation, the inflammatory response can continue developing uncontrolled and lead to the development of RA.

This is more likely in people with strong immune systems or higher levels of antibodies. Infections that may act as triggers for arthritis include mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr virus).

Smoking. Cigarette smoking is one of the leading triggers for RA. After receiving an AR diagnosis, smoking can also cause worse symptoms (compared to non-smoking patients) and weaken the effects of medications.

Although the risk of RA decreases over time after quitting smoking, former smokers are still at higher risk than those who never smoked, even 15 years after quitting.

Physical and emotional stress. Experiencing stress prompts your body to produce substances that may trigger inflammatory reactions. When occasional, stress is a normal part of life. However, when high-stress levels become chronic, these can increase the risk of a wide range of inflammatory diseases, including RA. To address chronic stress, consider trying out meditation and breathing exercises, or opting for therapy.

There are also other known triggers to RA, including trauma, pollutants, obesity, medication issues, overexertion, sleep problems, being physically inactive, and even certain weather events. While there’s a lot yet to be understood about the link between these trigger factors and RA, most of them affect the body’s immune response and systemic inflammation in one way or another.

Who Is at Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Since the cause of RA isn’t well understood, it can be challenging to identify who is likely to be at greater risk of this disease. However, there are some known risk factors worth being aware of. These include:

Age. RA can affect anyone, at any age. However, diagnosis is more common between the ages of 30 and 60. Younger people, especially children and adolescents, may also develop a form of RA known as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), which differs in several ways from rheumatoid arthritis in adults.

Three-quarters of people with arthritis are within their working age when they are first diagnosed.

Gender. Women are two to three times more likely than men to develop RA. This is due to a wide range of reasons, including abnormal levels of female sex hormones (progesterone and estrogen) and a typically stronger immune system.

Studies are also unveiling how autoimmunity is under genetic control and, in turn, under the control of the genes in sex chromosomes. This makes women more prone to developing autoimmune diseases.

Heredity. Although RA isn’t an inherited disease, people with a close relative with rheumatoid arthritis are at greater risk of developing this condition. Having a first-degree relative with RA increases the risk five-fold compared to the general population.

Weight. Obese and overweight patients (those with a high body mass index) are more likely to develop RA. This is because the excess fat stored in the body produces cytokines, which are inflammatory proteins. If you are obese and have RA, your symptoms may be more intense, inflammation levels greater, and medications less effective.

Joint injury. When you suffer a joint injury, such as a fracture or dislocation, your body will trigger an inflammatory response, which can become chronic. This can lead to the spread of inflammation to surrounding components of the joint, which can initiate RA.

Infection. As we have seen above, the inflammatory response triggered to combat an infection can develop into chronic, uncontrolled inflammation, which can trigger RA.

These risk factors tend to act as triggers in individuals with a genetic propensity toward rheumatoid arthritis, such as testing positive for the rheumatoid factor or antinuclear antibody test. We’ll look into these aspects later on in this guide.

Possible Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis

As we have seen above, the latest advancements in research are now helping patients avoid the most devastating complications of RA and prevent the progression of this disease. Nonetheless, if left unaddressed, the uncontrolled inflammation that fuels rheumatoid arthritis can lead to the emergence of a wide range of severe complications.

Below, we’ll look at the most common conditions that occur when RA – and its underlying systemic inflammation – are left untreated.

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by the loss of bone mass and mineral density, thus leading to fragile, porous bones. This brittleness happens due to an imbalance in the body’s mechanism of forming new bone and reabsorbing old bone: in people with osteoporosis, bone mass is lost at a faster rate than it is regenerated.

Common risk factors for osteoporosis include age, family history, menopause, low body weight, and lifestyle habits like smoking and alcohol abuse. Because of these risk factors, the demographics at risk include postmenopausal women and those with a family history of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is considered to be an “invisible” illness – you may not notice that you have it until you experience a fracture or undergo a screening test. The most common bones fractured by people with osteoporosis include the hip, wrist, or spinal bones (vertebrae).

Osteoporosis is different from arthritis, but the two conditions may be interrelated. RA, especially if untreated, causes increased bone loss and higher osteoporosis risks. This happens because the inflammatory process enhances bone erosion and causes large cysts around the joints.

Both factors can contribute to a decline in the mineral content of the bone. Studies show that nearly 30% of people with RA have low bone mass density (osteopenia) or osteoporosis.

Rheumatoid Nodules

Rheumatoid nodules are firm lumps that often form under the skin near joints affected by RA. They can range in size – from pea-sized to golf ball-sized – and typically aren’t painful, unless they enlarge and begin to press on nearby nerves.

Given that they are a consequence of the high levels of uncontrolled inflammation, the emergence of rheumatoid nodules goes hand-in-hand with the progression of the disease. They are more likely in people who have high levels of rheumatoid factor or have had the disease for a longer period. Smoking and certain RA medications, like methotrexate and anti-TNF drugs, can also increase this risk of rheumatoid nodules.

The most common joints affected by rheumatoid nodules include the elbows, fingers, and knuckles, but they can appear on or around any joint affected by RA. This complication of RA can be effectively managed – and, in some cases, prevented – through a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Historically, around 30% of people with RA developed this complication – however, the incidence of rheumatoid nodules has decreased substantially over time.

Sjogren’s Syndrome

Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the malfunctioning of the immune system, which begins to attack the glands that produce moisture. It primarily targets the moisture-producing glands in the eyes and mouth. While the exact cause of this condition is still debated, research has shown that contributing factors may include environmental and genetic triggers.

Nonetheless, there are some risk factors that have been associated with a greater chance of developing Sjogren’s syndrome. These include being female (due to the propensity to autoimmune disorders) and being aged 40 and over. Symptoms of this syndrome vary widely but usually include dry eyes and mouth, joint pain, and fatigue.

People with rheumatoid arthritis stand a significantly heightened risk of also developing this condition. It is estimated that up to 31% of people with RA show signs of Sjogren’s syndrome. This is because the dysfunction of the immune system present in people with RA paves the way for other autoimmune disorders, including Sjogren’s syndrome.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a progressively painful condition of the hand and fingers that occurs due to the compression of the median nerve as it traverses the carpal tunnel – a passageway in the wrist formed by the carpal bones and ligaments.

This nerve is responsible for innervating and providing sensation to your thumb and most fingers, excluding the little finger. As the carpal tunnel narrows, the median nerve can become entrapped, inflamed, compressed, or inflamed, which can interfere with the normal transmission of nerve signals relating to sensation and movement. This can lead to problems with moving your hand and fingers, pain, numbness, and tingling sensations.

The causes of CTS vary, and this condition usually develops due to a combination of factors that increase pressure on the median nerve and tendons in the carpal tunnel. These risk factors include obesity, repetitive hand use, pregnancy, and conditions like diabetes or RA.

In particular, RA can increase the risk of CTS by causing the inflammation of the synovium (the lining of the joint) and the tenosynovium (the lining of the tendons). Inflammation leads to the build-up of fluids and swelling, which can narrow the carpal tunnel and cause CTS. It is estimated that up to a third of patients with RA will develop CTS.

Heart Problems

Heart problems, formally known as cardiovascular disease, refer to a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, like coronary artery disease, heart attack, heart failure, and stroke.

These conditions can stem from a myriad of factors like poor diet habits, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, smoking, genetics, diabetes, and a lack of physical activity. However, often, the universal cause of heart problems is systemic inflammation.

The symptoms of heart problems can vary significantly, depending on the condition that’s affecting you. Commonly, you may experience chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, fainting, and pain (especially throughout the chest and upper body). Since certain heart problems can be fatal, early detection and treatment are essential to prevent life-threatening complications.

RA can be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This is because the underlying chronic inflammation in RA can affect and damage the heart muscle, as well as critical blood vessels and surrounding areas.

Uncontrolled inflammation can also lead to the development of atherosclerosis, a condition that causes the arteries to harden and narrow, increasing the risk of heart disease. It is estimated that people with RA have a 50-70% higher risk of heart problems compared to the general population.

Lung Disease

Lung disease is a broad term that describes any disorder that involves dysfunction of the lungs or other parts of the respiratory system. Lung disease can cause anything from chronic conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to cancers and acute infections such as pneumonia.

Common causes of lung disease include smoking, exposure to harmful pollutants and chemicals (e.g. asbestos), genetic factors, a compromised immune system, and even certain types of infections.

RA may also be a contributing factor in lung disease. This is due to the fact that the chronic inflammation occurring in the joints can spread to the lungs and cause scarring, which may lead to the development of a condition called rheumatoid lung disease.

This complication is present in nearly 5% of older patients with RA, and it can cause shortness of breath, persistent coughing, and chest pain, as well as fatigue, unexplained weight loss, and changes in voice tone.

Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, the part of your immune system involved with maintaining fluid levels in the body and combating infections and diseases. While the root cause of lymphoma is still unknown, certain risk factors have been identified.

These include age (especially in adults over 55), a weakened immune system, exposure to certain chemicals, and even certain infections caused by viruses or bacteria. If left unaddressed, a lymphoma can cause life-threatening tumors in the lymph nodes.

Research has shown that people with RA have a two-fold increased risk of developing lymphoma. This is because uncontrolled high levels of inflammation can lead to cell damage, which is the root cause of lymphoma.

How Is Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosed?

There is no specific diagnostic test that can be used to prove you definitely have RA. What’s more, the early symptoms of RA overlap those of other conditions, which often leads to patients having to wait an average of nearly 17 months before initiating treatment.

Nonetheless, your doctor may use a wide range of examinations and laboratory tests to determine the source of your pain. If your doctor suspects that you have RA, they may refer you to a rheumatologist to confirm the diagnosis. Below, we’ll look at the most commonly used tests in more detail.

Medical history

Since the symptoms of RA develop over time, it can be hard to confirm a diagnosis when your disease is in its early stages. However, your doctor may suspect that your symptoms are related to RA if you have a family history of RA or other autoimmune diseases.

A healthcare provider will also review influencing aspects, such as your general health, medications you take, and your symptoms.

Physical examination

After reviewing your medical history, a doctor will carry out a physical examination. This exam isn’t painful, but it commonly involves the palpation of areas of the body that may be painful. A medical team will also look for signs of inflamed tendon sheaths (the lining of the tendons), tender joints, limited range of motion, and early deformity. If your symptoms are severe, they may also look for tendon tears and ruptures.

Since RA can develop across multiple joints in the body, it is important to tell your doctor about all the symptoms you are experiencing, even if they may seem unrelated to each other at first.

Laboratory tests

Although it isn’t possible to diagnose RA using a single laboratory test, when analyzed together, the following examinations can be extremely helpful in making a diagnosis. These tests include:

Rheumatoid factor (RF): The RF test is a specific blood examination carried out to detect the presence of RF, a type of protein produced by your immune system. It is estimated that 60-80% of people with RA have RF.

Nonetheless, it is possible to have RA even if you test negative for RF (seronegative rheumatoid arthritis). Additionally, only 40% of those with early RA test positive for rheumatoid factor.

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP). The anti-CCP test is used to confirm the presence of RA after a rheumatoid factor test. It detects anti-CCP antibodies, a protein often present in people with RA. The anti-CCP test is more accurate than the RF test, and people who test positive are very likely to get RA.

Complete blood count (CBC). CBC is a type of blood test often used to examine components of the blood like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Detecting abnormalities in these areas can provide insight into inflammation or iron deficiency caused by low red blood cells (anemia), both common indicators of RA.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The ESR or Sed rate is a commonly used blood test to measure the rate at which red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube in one hour. If the cells sink faster than normal, this indicates higher-than-normal levels of inflammation. This test can also be used to monitor how inflammation levels change over time.

C-reactive protein. CRP is a substance produced by the liver in response to inflammation. Elevated levels of CRP can indicate high inflammation, which is typical in RA. CRP levels are also used to assess the extent of inflammation in the body and to monitor the effectiveness of RA treatments.

Imaging tests

Imaging tests can be used to obtain a clear picture of the inner aspect of your joints. These tests allow your doctor to determine the presence of inflammation, abnormalities, and, in the case of an RA diagnosis, the extent of the damage. Different tests can be used to examine different types of soft and hard tissues. These include:

X-ray. By emitting a concentrated beam of radiation toward the joints in question, an X-ray can provide detailed images of dense structures like bone. These images will allow your doctor to spot any physical alterations or damage in your joints, such as bone erosions or narrowing of the joint space. These symptoms are not present in the early stages of RA; however, your doctor may still use X-rays to rule out other conditions.

Computed tomography scan (CT Scan). A CT scan works like an advanced X-ray machine. It creates multiple images from different angles around the body and produces a detailed cross-sectional view. CT scans can reveal the details of bone damage that might not be clear in standard X-rays.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI captures high-resolution images of your joints using strong magnetic fields and radio waves. It reveals the presence of inflammation and early joint damage and tracks disease progression – something that may not be visible through other scans.

Positron emission tomography (PET scan). A PET scan works by detecting radioactive material injected into your body. This material, known as a radiotracer, releases positrons, which interact with electrons in your body. This interaction causes the production of gamma rays, which are picked up by PET scanners. These advanced imaging tools can examine how tissues and organs are functioning, and they can precisely determine the extent and location of inflammation.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). DEXA works by directing two X-ray beams of varying energies toward the patient’s bones. By analyzing the different rates of absorption for these X-rays, doctors can obtain precise information about bone density and other abnormal changes.

These tests, alongside ultrasound scans and more specific laboratory tests, can be used as stand-alone diagnostic tools or in combination with other methods to determine the presence of RA.

Common Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis

As mentioned above, there is no permanent cure for RA. However, several treatment plans can help you manage your symptoms and even modify the disease. The most common goals for treatment for RA include:

Easing symptoms

Putting the disease into remission by stopping inflammation or reducing it to the lowest possible level

Preventing permanent damage to joints and surrounding organs

Preventing long-term complications

To achieve these goals, your doctor may use medications, conservative treatments, and surgical interventions to reduce inflammation as quickly as possible, monitor the levels of inflammation, and work toward low or no symptoms.

You may also be recommended a range of lifestyle modifications that can help you lower inflammation and manage your symptoms. These include changing your diet, losing excess weight, making movement part of your daily routine, and ensuring a focus on quality sleep and stress management.

In the sections below, we’ll explore the traditional treatments prescribed for RA, as well as their benefits and limitations.

Medication

Medications are often the first port of call for patients with RA and healthcare providers alike. There are several types of medications that may help with this condition, and they can be subdivided into two categories:

Medications that don’t modify the disease but relieve its symptoms. These include painkillers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids

Medications that modify the course of the disease. These include disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which can be biologic or nonbiologic and are managed by a rheumatologist.

These drugs are often used in combination, to tackle multiple aspects of the disease. What’s more, when complications of RA occur, these comorbidities may also need to be addressed. As a result, many patients follow a complex medication regimen that involves more than one drug. Below, we’ll look in more detail at treatment options available today:

Painkillers

Painkillers are often available as over-the-counter alternatives that can help you manage the symptoms of RA in an accessible and affordable way. While these drugs don’t modify the course of the disease, they can be used to ease flare-ups.

Corticosteroids

These are the manufactured versions of a hormone that is naturally produced by the body, cortisol. They can be administered in the form of tablets or directly injected into the joint. They can be used as a short-term alternative to relieve pain and inflammation flare-ups, or while you are waiting for DMARD medications to start working.

Taking these medications chronically can have serious side effects, including weight gain, skin thinning, joint damage, osteoporosis, and a serious condition known as adrenal gland insufficiency.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs can reduce pain and inflammation by blocking the COX enzyme, which is responsible for the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are a hormone-like substance responsible for regulating body functions such as inflammation and pain perception. NSAIDs are usually available as over-the-counter alternatives, and they include drugs such as ibuprofen and aspirin.

Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

DMARDs work by inhibiting an overactive immune system, thus reducing the inflammation associated with an abnormal immune response. They can be delivered via subcutaneous injections or intravenously.

When accurately managed and monitored by a rheumatologist, these drugs can help ease inflammation and prevent the complications of RA, including joint damage. Not all types of DMARDs work equally well for all patients.

• There are three main types of DMARDs:

Nonbiologic DMARDs: These are conventional drugs that work by suppressing the entire immune system, and they include methotrexate and sulfasalazine. It can take months for these DMARDs to start working and, in the meantime, your doctor may prescribe pain-killing medications like prednisone.

Biologic DMARDs: These are a newer class of drugs that work by targeting specific parts of the immune system or certain cell types responsible for inflammation. While these are more expensive, they are faster-acting, and you’ll be able to see if these drugs work for you within two to six weeks.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. These are a new class of drugs that works by inhibiting the messaging pathway that leads to the production of inflammatory cells known as cytokines. This calms down the immune system and helps ease the symptoms of RA.

It is important to keep in mind that DMARDs aren’t free of side effects, which include liver damage, nausea, high blood pressure, and, due to the fact that they suppress the immune system, an increased risk of serious infection.

Heat And Cold

One of the most popular at-home care strategies for rheumatoid arthritis relief is the application of an ice pack or hot compress. These work in two different ways, and you may find that one works better than the other for your specific needs.

Ice works by constricting blood vessels, which can reduce inflammation and swelling. This can temporarily ease joint pain and stiffness, thus boosting your joints’ range of motion and reducing disability. On the other hand, heat increases the circulation of blood and oxygen in and around the damaged joints. It can also help to relax the muscles, ease pressure on the nerves, and induce a generalized sense of well-being, which can help you better manage RA pain.

This technique does not cure the disease itself, however. It’s merely an easy option for symptom management during particularly unbearable flare-ups. And, in any case, hot compresses and ice packs are best used in conjunction with other prescribed treatments, such as medication or physical therapy. Additionally, while they are generally safe, these at-home care methods can have side effects such as skin irritation and discomfort.

Joint Immobilization

Joint immobilization is a treatment approach for RA that works by restricting movement. This can prevent further damage to an already injured joint and can relieve undue pressure during physical activity and sports.

Common immobilization techniques include wearing a brace or splint, which stabilizes the joint and minimizes stress on the affected area. While this treatment option is generally safe, it is important to follow the instructions of your rheumatologist. Overuse of joint immobilization can lead to stiffness, muscle weakness, and loss of muscle mass (atrophy), which can further affect your musculoskeletal health over time.

Massage

Massage therapy may be used as a conservative treatment to alleviate the symptoms of RA. It works by reducing muscle tension and easing the pressure on nerves and joints. In turn, you may find that massages can improve your mobility and reduce pain. Studies have also shown that certain massage techniques, such as Swedish massages, may help relieve pain and reduce the need for pain medications in people with RA.

Nonetheless, this treatment option is not equally effective for everyone, and some may even experience temporary discomfort following each session. If you are looking to explore massage therapy as an option to manage your RA symptoms, be sure to work with a massage therapist who specializes in RA treatments.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is becoming an increasingly popular alternative method for managing the symptoms of RA. The original belief at the center of this healing methodology is its power to unblock Qi, the supposed life energy flowing within each person.

Nonetheless, research attributes the beneficial effects of acupuncture to this therapy’s ability to trigger the release of endorphins and other neurotransmitters responsible for pain modulation and feelings of well-being. Studies also show that acupuncture can effectively ease the symptoms of RA, improve quality of life, and boost function without causing side effects. This is thanks to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immuno-regulatory effects of acupuncture.

Acupuncture does not work equally well for everyone and may not be recommended for those with bleeding disorders or taking blood thinning medications.

Surgery

If your RA isn’t responding well to conservative treatments or it has caused permanent damage to the joints and disability, your doctor may recommend surgery. Different types of orthopedic surgical interventions may help reduce the complications of RA. These include:

Synovectomy. This surgery involves removing the lining of a synovial joint that has been affected by RA. While this surgery can ease pain, it is only indicated in the early stages of RA or if the inflammation is only affecting the synovium. It does not prevent the disease from progressing or affecting other joint components.

Tendon repairs. If you have suffered tendon tears or ruptures, this surgical intervention can help repair the tendon through grafts. Tendon surgeries can also be performed to strengthen the tendons and prevent ruptures, release tight tendon tunnels, and remove inflamed tissue.

Joint rebalancing. Joint rebalancing can address deformities and contractures (which occur when the joint’s tissues become stiff or shortened), thus improving joint function and reducing pain.

Joint replacement surgery. This surgery, known as arthroplasty, involves replacing damaged parts of the joint with artificial components made of plastic or metal to restore function.

Joint fusion. This surgical intervention fuses together two bones to make one bone. During this surgery, the remaining damaged cartilage is removed from each side of the joint and the ends of the bones are reshaped to fit together. While joint fusion removes pain, it also eliminates the joint’s ability to move. Because of this, this type of surgery is preferred over arthroplasty only in the case of small joints that don’t compromise mobility, such as those in the hands and fingers.

Regardless of the type of surgery, there are risks that cannot be overlooked. Besides the lengthy and painful rehabilitation periods involved with invasive interventions, surgery can carry severe risks like infections, adverse reactions to anesthesia, and damage to nerves and other components of the joint. Additionally, surgical interventions may not be able to entirely stop the pain or prevent RA from progressing. If you are considering surgery, you should work with an orthopedic specialist or rheumatologist who can help you better understand the benefits and drawbacks of this choice.

Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Approach

If you have been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, the chances are that you are facing two equally undesirable prospects: living a life reliant on medications or undergoing painful surgeries. Fortunately, thanks to today’s advances in research, new treatment options exist that don’t involve invasive interventions or drugs.

Relatyv works by addressing the uncontrolled systemic inflammation that’s aggravating your symptoms – and increasing your risk of developing chronic inflammatory conditions like cardiovascular disease and lung problems. This innovative whole-person approach does more than simply ease the pain: it combats systemic inflammation, supports the regeneration of damaged tissues, and lays the foundations of long-term musculoskeletal health.

Manage Rheumatoid Arthritis with a Personalized Treatment Plan

Receiving a diagnosis of RA can truly be life-changing. The pain and dysfunction can affect your daily life, and the lack of available cures can make this burden unbearable. Fortunately, medications and surgery are no longer the only options available to effectively manage your symptoms.

Our Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach is designed to help reduce pain, improve mobility, and support your quality of life without relying solely on long-term medication or invasive procedures.