Conditions

Arthritis is a disorder that causes pain and stiffness in the joints of the body. Living with arthritis can be difficult due to the physical and emotional toll associated with the condition. After all, the pain and stiffness associated with arthritis can significantly limit your movement, quality of life, and overall well-being. There are over 100 kinds of arthritis, but the most common is osteoarthritis. It is estimated that over 32.5 million adults in the U.S. alone suffer from this condition.

Unfortunately, like all forms of arthritis, osteoarthritis has no cure. However, that doesn’t mean you can’t do anything about the symptoms. With proper pain management, you can limit pain and inflammation as well as preserve joint function.

What Is Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. It occurs when the protective cartilage between the bones in the joints wears away, leading to bone-on-bone contact and pain. Osteoarthritis can affect any of the body’s joints, but most commonly affects hands, hips, knees, and spine. As a result, the diagnosis of osteoarthritis can be complex and requires a thorough medical history and physical examination to identify the affected joints.

Anatomy And Pathophysiology Of Osteoarthritis

The following joints are most commonly affected by osteoarthritis, especially as people age:

• Hands: The joints connecting the fingers, thumbs, and wrists are the most frequently affected because of their frequent use. Unfortunately, pain and stiffness in the hands can significantly limit your daily activities.
• Knees: Osteoarthritis in the knee is usually caused by an injury or repetitive use. This can cause pain, swelling, and instability in the affected joint. As a result, walking, climbing stairs, or standing up after sitting for a long time can be challenging if you have knee osteoarthritis.
• Hips: The hip is a major weight-bearing joint prone to osteoarthritis due to age, repetitive use, or injury. As a result, hip pain can be debilitating and make it difficult to do daily activities such as walking and standing.
• Spine: Osteoarthritis in the spine can cause pain, stiffness, and limited mobility. It generally affects the lower back and neck but may also affect the mid-back. When the spine is affected, performing regular activities such as bending over or lifting things without pain can be difficult.

Symptoms Of Osteoarthritis

• Symptoms vary based on the location of the affected joints as well as how far the condition has progressed. As such, symptoms can range from mild to severe. With that in mind, the following are the primary symptoms associated with osteoarthritis:

Pain and Swelling

• Osteoarthritis typically causes mild to severe pain and swelling in the affected joint that may increase with activity. It occurs due to the inflammation of the joint as well as the destruction of cartilage. When the cartilage is destroyed, the bones can rub against one another, resulting in pain. Swelling typically occurs due to inflammation and fluid buildup in the joint, which is caused by the body’s attempts to repair the joint.

Stiffness and Reduced Range of Motion

• Osteoarthritis can cause stiffness and reduced range of motion in the affected joint. Stiffness is caused by inflammation, which makes it difficult to move the joint. This can cause the muscles around the joint to weaken, resulting in further stiffness and reduced range of motion. As a result, moving the joint becomes more difficult. Not to mention, cartilage destruction can limit your range of motion by narrowing the space between your bones, which means your joint will not be able to move as far.

Grating Sensation

• A grating sensation may occur when the bones of an affected joint rub against each other. This is due to the destruction of the cartilage, which normally protects and cushions the bones from rubbing against each other. This sensation can be mild to severe and may occur when the joint is moved or touched.

Causes And Risk Factors Of Osteoarthritis

The cause of osteoarthritis is still largely unknown. However, several risk factors can increase your chances of developing the condition. These include the following:

Aging

• When it comes to osteoarthritis, aging is one of the most common risk factors. As you age, your joints naturally break down, which puts you at greater risk of developing the condition.

Being Overweight Or Obese

• Carrying excess weight places extra strain on our joints, increasing the risk of developing osteoarthritis. Excess weight can also increase the pain associated with the condition since the extra weight adds even more pressure to already inflamed joints.

Family History Of Osteoarthritis

Your risk of developing the condition is greater if you have a family history of osteoarthritis. The following is the estimated heritability of osteoarthritis in various parts of the body:

• Osteoarthritis of the knee is 40 percent
• Osteoarthritis of the hip is up to 60 percent
• Osteoarthritis of the hand is 65 percent
• Osteoarthritis of the spine is 70 percent

Repetitive Stress On A Joint

Repetitive stress on a joint can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis, as it can cause wear and tear to the cartilage. Examples of activities that can cause repetitive stress on a joint include running, weightlifting, and playing a sport such as tennis or basketball.

History Of Injury Or Joint Surgery

Injury to a joint, especially one that has not healed correctly, can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis. Additionally, joint surgery can increase the risk of developing the condition, as it can disrupt the normal function of the joint.

How Is The Condition Diagnosed?

Osteoarthritis is usually diagnosed by a physical examination and imaging tests. During the physical exam, your doctor will look for signs of swelling, tenderness, warmth, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. X-rays and/or MRI scans may also help diagnose the condition. X-rays can show bone loss, narrowing between joints, or bone spurs, which can indicate the presence of osteoarthritis. MRI scans can be used to assess the condition of the cartilage and soft tissue around the affected joint.

Getting an accurate diagnosis of osteoarthritis is crucial to determine the best course of treatment. Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition; therefore, proper management is necessary to reduce pain and improve joint function.

Treatment Options For Osteoarthritis

Even though there is no cure, there are various ways you can treat osteoarthritis to improve the condition, whether by reducing inflammation, reducing pain, or improving your range of motion. The following are some of the different ways in which traditional doctors will typically treat osteoarthritis:

Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Doctors often prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat osteoarthritis. These medications, which include ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin, help reduce inflammation and pain in the affected joint. Additionally, corticosteroid injections may also be used to reduce inflammation and pain.

But, of course, the problem with NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections is that they can have serious side effects. These include allergic reactions, headaches, stomach ulcers, dizziness, and, in rare cases, more severe issues, such as problems with your kidneys, liver, or heart.

Physical, Occupational, And Exercise Therapy

Physical and occupational therapy can help improve joint function, reduce pain, and increase strength. Therapists can teach patients how to perform exercises for people with OA to increase their range of motion and strengthen the muscles around the affected joint. Additionally, occupational therapists can help adjust daily activities to reduce stress on the joint, and provide adaptive equipment to help make tasks easier.

Surgical Procedures

Surgery may be recommended if the osteoarthritis has progressed to a point where the joint is significantly damaged, and other treatments are not providing relief. That being said, surgery should be a last resort due to its inherently risky nature. Like any form of surgery, there are several drawbacks. Surgery can be expensive, take a long time to recover from, result in various complications (such as infection or nerve damage), and may not even be successful in alleviating pain.

Keeping this in mind, the following are some of the surgical procedures that may be used to treat osteoarthritis:

• Arthrodesis: Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure in which two bones are fused together using metal plates and screws. The goal is to reduce pain and improve joint stability. However, the procedure can limit the range of motion and may result in stiffness.
• Osteotomy: Osteotomy is a type of surgery in which the bone around the knee joint is cut and shifted to take pressure off the affected area. The goal of this procedure is to reduce pain and improve joint function.
• Arthroplasty: This is a procedure in which the affected joint is removed and replaced with an artificial joint. This procedure aims to improve the range of motion and reduce pain. The risk with this procedure is that it can be complicated and may require a lengthy recovery period.

How Neurofunctional Pain Management Approaches Osteoarthritis

• We avoid the potential risks and side effects of pain medication and surgery by focusing on a Neurofunctional Pain Management approach. Instead of temporarily masking the symptoms or taking extreme measures, our protocol consists of a combination of safe and effective treatment solutions to address the root cause of the pain.

Start The Long-Term Pain Relief With Us

• Osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition that can cause severe pain and discomfort. Unfortunately, surgery, medication, and chiropractic therapy often do not provide long-term pain relief and can be risky. We offer an interdisciplinary approach to treating this condition using a combination of non-surgical treatment options, such as electroanalgesia, specialized nutritional hydration, and lifestyle counseling. Our whole-person protocol is designed to address the root cause of the pain to provide long-term relief.

Headaches are among the most common medical conditions that people experience. However, there are many different types, with tension headaches being the most common. They can range from mild to severe pain and affect people of all ages. Fortunately, a better understanding of the causes, symptoms, and treatment solutions of tension headaches can help you better manage the condition.

What Is A Tension Headache?

A tension headache is a type of headache caused by muscle contractions in the head and neck. Muscles are usually tight due to stress, anxiety, poor posture, or other factors. This tension can cause pain in the forehead, back of the head, and temples. It is important to note that tension headaches differ from migraines and cluster headaches. There are also two types of tension headaches: episodic and chronic tension-type headaches.

Episodic Tension-Type Headaches

Episodic tension-type headaches are the most common type of tension headache. They last anywhere from 30 minutes to a few days and occur infrequently or several times a month. Episodic tension-type headaches are usually mild to moderate, which makes managing them fairly easy.

Chronic Tension-Type Headaches

Chronic tension-type headaches are less common than episodic ones but can be more severe. They occur 15 or more days a month and can last anywhere from 30 minutes to a week. As a result, managing chronic tension-type headaches can be more challenging.

Tension Headache Symptoms

Different types of headaches can cause different types of headache pain — as well as other symptoms. The following are common symptoms of tension headaches.

Steady, Dull Ache In The Head

• A mild-to-moderate tension headache will typically cause a steady, dull ache that is usually concentrated in the forehead, temples, or back of the head.

Pressure From All Sides

• Tension headaches can also cause a type of pain that is described as feeling pressure from all sides. This pressure may feel like it is squeezing the head or pushing from the inside out. It is also common for people to have this type of pain that comes and goes throughout the day.

Muscle Tenderness

• Tension headaches can cause tenderness in the head and neck muscles. This can make it difficult to move the head or even touch certain areas of the head or neck.

Difficulty Focusing

• Tension headaches can also cause difficulty focusing on tasks. People may struggle to concentrate, pay attention, or remember things. This happens because the pain can interfere with concentration and make it difficult to think clearly.

Irritability or Fatigue

• Tension headaches can also cause irritability or fatigue due to the pain. People may also feel more sensitive to light and sound, which can lead to an increased feeling of discomfort and irritability. Not to mention that constantly dealing with tension headaches can drain your energy, resulting in irritability and/or fatigue.

What Causes A Tension Headache

Considering all the different symptoms of tension headaches, it can be challenging to pin down the exact cause. However, there are some common causes that have been identified through research and observation. The following are some of the most common causes:

Eye Strain

• Eye strain, which is often caused by staring intently at one thing, like a computer screen, for long periods of time, can put extra tension on the eyes and the muscles around them. This can lead to tension headaches, especially if the eyes do not rest periodically.

Dental Problems

• Constantly clenching or grinding your teeth can strain the muscles and ligaments around the jaw, leading to tension headaches. It is also important to note that if you have a dental issue, such as an infection or an abscessed tooth, it can also cause pain in your head and neck area.

Cold, Flu, or Sinus Infection

• If you have a cold, a sinus infection, or the flu, your immune system will release cytokines, which are molecules that help fight infection. However, these cytokines can also cause inflammation in the head and neck area, leading to tension headaches.

Sleep Problems

• Believe it or not, but a lack of sleep can contribute to tension headaches during the day. This is because sleep deprivation decreases the neural plasticity in the brain. Neural plasticity refers to the ability of the brain to adapt and change in response to stimulation. Without adequate rest, the brain doesn’t have the time it needs to rest and repair itself, resulting in tension headaches.

Stress

• Finally, stress is one of the most common causes of tension headaches. Stress can cause the body to tense up, leading to muscle tightness that can cause headaches. Additionally, stress can disrupt the body’s natural ability to relax and rest, leading to further tension in the head and neck muscles.

How Physicians Diagnose Tension Headache

• Physicians typically gather personal and family medical histories to diagnose tension headaches. They will ask about the specific symptoms the patient is experiencing, how frequently the headaches occur, and how long they are lasting.

Physician Examination

• They may also conduct a physical exam to check for any muscle tenderness or painful areas in the head and neck and ask about the patient’s symptoms.

Imaging

• In addition, the physician may order blood tests or imaging studies such as an MRI or CT scan to rule out other underlying medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Headache Diary

• To further diagnose tension headaches, the physician may also have the patient complete a headache diary, which is a record of the patient’s headaches. This can help the physician better understand the pattern of symptoms and determine if tension headaches are the cause.

Common Misdiagnoses Of Headaches

• Headaches are among the most common medical complaints, yet they can often be misdiagnosed. This is because tension headache symptoms such as pain and sensitivity to light can be associated with various conditions, including migraines, sinusitis, and other types of headaches as well as more serious medical conditions. In fact, there are 200 different classifications of headaches, which can make it difficult to determine the cause. Misdiagnosis of a headache can lead to unnecessary treatments and a delay in getting the correct diagnosis and treatment.
• Additionally, headaches can be broadly classified as either primary or secondary disorders. Primary headaches occur independently, while secondary headaches are symptoms of another underlying condition. Primary headaches are usually episodic and can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. In contrast, secondary headaches are often more persistent and need further investigation to identify the underlying cause.
• If a headache is recurring or lasts for an extended period, it is vital to seek medical attention, as it could be a symptom of an underlying medical condition. A physician will conduct a physical examination and review the patient’s medical history to help determine the cause of the headache and prescribe treatment accordingly.

Conventional Treatment Options for Tension Headaches

Because of how common headaches are, various treatment options are available. The following are the conventional treatments that many medical professionals will prescribe to help patients manage tension headache pain:

Medication

• Medications are often the first line of treatment for tension headaches. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen can help reduce inflammation and pain. In addition, prescription medications such as muscle relaxants may be prescribed to help relieve muscle tension and pain.
• Although medication can provide short-term relief, it is essential to note that stronger headache medications can be associated with side effects. Not to mention that such medications only address the symptom, not the underlying cause. Finally, taking headache medications too often can lead to headache rebound, which is when you start having headaches when you stop taking the medication. It’s similar to a withdrawal.

Exercise

• Exercise is an important part of managing tension headaches. Regular exercise helps to reduce muscle tension and stress, which can help prevent and reduce the frequency and severity of headaches. Low-impact exercises such as walking, swimming, or cycling can be particularly beneficial for relieving tension headaches.

Massage and Physical Therapy

• Massage is another effective treatment option for tension headaches. Massage can help relax the muscles and reduce the intensity of a headache. In addition, physical therapy can help strengthen the neck and back muscles to relieve tension headaches. Massage therapy can also help reduce stress, another contributing factor to tension headaches.

Chiropractic Care

• Chiropractors are trained to manipulate the spine and neck, which can help reduce muscle tension and improve blood flow to the head. However, it should be noted that studies on the effectiveness of chiropractic care for tension headaches are limited. Additionally, there’s no regulating body for chiropractic care, which means that there’s a risk of receiving chiropractic treatments that may not be beneficial and could even lead to more problems.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Provides Tension Headache Relief

• If you’re suffering from chronic tension headache pain, our protocol can help provide long-term relief. This is because the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach to treatment focuses on addressing the underlying condition that is causing your headache without resorting to risky treatment solutions – such as invasive procedures, prescription medications that can cause side effects or dependency – or chiropractic care.
• Our holistic protocol uses non-invasive, drug-free, and non-chiropractic modalities such as electroanalgesia, IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling to help manage the pain associated with tension headaches.

Actively Manage The Pain Associated With Tension Headache

• The combination of electroanalgesia, IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling is an effective approach for providing relief from tension headache pain. Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management can help you actively manage the pain associated with tension headaches, restoring your quality of life without resorting to risky treatments or medications. In addition, by targeting the underlying causes of tension headache pain, we can provide long-term relief and help you live a healthier life.

Affecting up to 10 million Americans, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is considered to be one of the most common neurological disorders in the US. This condition causes debilitating pain and can impact all aspects of your life, including your ability to work, engage in social activities, and enjoy your favorite hobbies.

To make things worse, for many individuals battling chronic wrist pain, undergoing carpal tunnel release may seem like the inevitable choice to regain their hand and wrist function.

Nonetheless, advances in regenerative medicine are now providing an alternative to taking medications every day or living in fear of needing invasive surgeries. With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach, you can regain control over your health without surgeries or medications. Let’s explore how below.

What Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a nerve condition that develops when the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, irritated, or damaged.

The median nerve is a nerve located outside of the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for controlling wrist movements and transmitting signals to the brain regarding muscle movements, sensations, temperature, touch, pain, and vibration.

The median nerve can become compressed when the carpal tunnel, which is a passageway composed of ligaments and tendons located in the wrist, becomes swollen, inflamed, or restricted. Given the fact that this passageway is no more than 20 millimeters wide, even the slightest changes in anatomy can compress the median nerve that runs within it.

The narrowing of the carpal tunnel may be caused by a range of factors, including aging, injuries, repetitive hand motions, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory conditions like arthritis, thyroid disorders, and hormonal changes, such as the ones that occur during pregnancy or menopause. When the median nerve is compressed, it may become irritated or inflamed, which leads to pain, discomfort, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Pressure on this important nerve can also prevent nerve signals from reaching the brain, which results in loss of feeling, numbness, and tingling in the hand.

Depending on the severity of this condition, carpal tunnel syndrome may cause disability, chronic pain, and even irreversible nerve damage.

To better understand carpal tunnel syndrome, let’s look at the anatomy and physiology of the wrist.

Anatomy And Physiology Of The Wrist

The hand and wrist are at the core of most movements we perform every day; from driving, lifting a glass of water, and tying our shoes to working and enjoying our favorite hobbies. And, what makes all of these movements possible is the bundle of nerves, ligaments, tendons, and muscles in the wrist joint. Here’s what you need to know:

A Little Bit About The Wrist:

• The wrist – also known as the radiocarpal joint – is a complex structure that links the forearm to the arm, stabilizes the hand, and allows the movement of our upper extremities.

Anatomy Of The Wrist:

• The wrist is a collection of several joints that connect the forearm bones (radius and ulna, also known as distal joints) to the carpal and metacarpal bones, which are the bones at the base of the hand and palm. These joints are made stable and mobile by several nerves and ligaments that connect the bones to one another, as well as to the hand and wrist muscles.
• The carpal tunnel is located in the volar aspect of the wrist or the side of the palm. Small bones called carpal bones function as the floor and sides of the carpal tunnel, while the roof of the tunnel is made of a strong band of connective tissue. This band is known as the transverse carpal ligament.

Functions Of The Wrist:

• As a single joint, the wrist covers the function of providing stability and range of motion to the hand and fingers. However, each component in the wrist and carpal tunnel has its own function. In particular, the median nerve, which is housed in the carpal tunnel, is responsible for controlling the movement and sensory capability of the base of the thumb, middle finger, index finger, and part of the ring finger.
• The median nerve stems from a bundle of nerves known as the brachial plexus. The brachial plexus is located outside of the spine and the brain, which makes it part of the peripheral nervous system. The nerves in the brachial plexus, including the median nerve, are responsible for connecting the brain to various extremities and transmitting signals relating to movement, touch, pain, temperature, and vibration. After the wrist portion, the nerve endings stemming from the median nerve branch out onto the hand and fingers.

Symptoms Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• Carpal tunnel syndrome affects each person uniquely, and manifests itself with a wide range of symptoms. What’s more, for patients such as pregnant women, CTS is a minor and temporary condition; while for others it can become a source of chronic pain and severe disability.

Although varied, most of the symptoms of CTS are caused by the fact that a compressed median nerve prevents pain, motor, and sensory signals from traveling between the brain and the wrist. These symptoms include the following:

• Pain in hand and wrist: A narrowing of the carpal tunnel can irritate and inflame the median nerve and surrounding structures, which causes pain and discomfort.
• At first, you may experience pain only on certain occasions but, as the condition becomes more severe, the painful sensations can become acute and constant. In people with CTS, the pain is often described as aching, with occasional burning and shock-like sensations.
• Over time, the pain may start to radiate from the wrist to the hand and fingers and intensify at night.
• Weakness in the hand: As seen above, the median nerve plays a role in controlling the movements of the hands and fingers. This nerve also allows for pinching and gripping motions and transmits nerve signals relating to the hand’s position within the surrounding space.
• When these motor signals are prevented from reaching the brain, you may experience weakness in the hand, loss of pinching strength, and clumsiness (i.e., dropping objects).
• Numbness and tingling sensation in the fingers: electric shock-like and tingling sensations, alongside numbness, are signs that the median nerve is unable to correctly send sensory and pain signals to the brain.
• These sensations are particularly noticeable in the part of the hand directly controlled by the median nerve, which includes the thumb and the index, middle, and ring fingers.

Causes Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• In most cases, carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by a combination of factors. However, some causes and risk factors – such as repetitive stress to the hand and wrist, injury, underlying health conditions, and genetic factors – make it more likely.
• Let’s look at these factors in more detail below.

Repetitive Hand And Wrist Motions

• Repetitive motions, especially when performed over long periods, may put the hand and wrist under excessive or constant pressure. High levels of stress can cause the ligaments and tendons in the carpal tunnel to become irritated, swollen, or inflamed, thus narrowing the passageway that houses the median nerve.
• Individuals who are at greater risk of developing CTS include professionals that regularly use vibrating tools, work on an assembly line, or type on a keyboard. Athletes participating in sports that require prolonged hand movements, such as racket sports, archery, rock climbing, and handball, may also be prone to carpal tunnel syndrome.

Injury To The Wrist

• Some traumatic injuries that result in a dislocation or fracture of the wrist can lead to changes in the anatomy of the carpal tunnel and misalignments of the wrist joint. These changes can obstruct the carpal tunnel and irritate the median nerve.

Health Conditions

• Some health conditions can lead to further inflammation and swelling of the carpal tunnel, thus constricting and damaging the median nerve. You may be at greater risk of developing CTS if you have one or more of the following diagnoses:
• Inflammatory conditions: Inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis cause the body to sustain high levels of inflammation for prolonged periods.
• In turn, excessive inflammation causes the breakdown and damage of the joint’s components. Inflammation also restricts the carpal tunnel because of the build-up of fluids and swelling that it causes.
• Type I and II diabetes: If you have diabetes, spikes and drops in blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels that supply the median nerve with oxygen and nutrients. This translates into the damage and death of nerve endings, which interferes with normal nerve signaling. Controlling your blood sugar can help you manage this risk factor.
• Hypothyroidism – Some hormonal disorders, such as having an underactive thyroid, may lead to carpal tunnel syndrome. CTS is found in over 16% of people with hypothyroidism, possibly due to the increased Body Mass Index and more severe fluid retention, which causes excessive stress and swelling in the wrist area.

Genetic Factors

• Although carpal tunnel syndrome is not an inherited condition, the risk of developing this disorder is greater among those with a close relative diagnosed with CTS.
• Additionally, congenital conditions and malformations of the wrist that run in families – such as having a smaller carpal tunnel – can make carpal tunnel syndrome more likely.

Risk Factors

Some risk factors can increase your risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome, including the following:

• Being female: Females are three times more likely than men to suffer from CTS. That is because women tend to have smaller wrist frames and narrower carpal tunnels. What’s more, the hormonal changes that occur in menopause and pregnancy can increase fluid retention and swelling, which may constrict the median nerve.
• Smoking: Smoking can cause damage to the blood vessels that supply the median nerve with oxygen and nutrients, thus leading to nerve damage. Other substances that are nerve-damaging (neurotoxic) include alcohol, lead, and arsenic.
• Being overweight or obese: Having a high Body Mass Index can increase the build-up of fluids in the carpal tunnel, which leads to swelling and compression of the median nerve. The extra weight may also add stress to the wrist structures. Lastly, obesity is a risk factor in several of the possible causes of carpal tunnel syndrome, including diabetes and arthritis.
• Anatomical factors – such as having a slight or small frame – can also increase the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Diagnosis Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

If you are experiencing pain, numbness, hand weakness, or tingling sensations in the wrist area, you may have carpal tunnel syndrome. A provider will perform one or more tests to offer an accurate diagnosis. These tests include the following:

• Physical examination: A specialist examination will begin with a review of your medical history and existing conditions. A healthcare provider will also ask about the nature and pattern of your symptoms to exclude other conditions.
• For example, if the tingling sensations and numbness occur in your little finger, which is unaffected by the median nerve, you may have a problem other than CTS.
• During a physical examination, a doctor will also press on the hand and wrist to determine the source of pain, assess your hand muscles’ strength, and test your ability to feel pressure in the fingers.
• Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS): These tests are used to determine the ability of your median nerve to deliver sensory and motor signals to the brain. Using a thin-needle electrode or two electrodes (sticky pads) placed on the wrist, your doctor will apply mild electrical impulses.
• As the mild shock navigates from the electrodes to the brain, your doctor will assess whether there are obstructions that cause it to slow down when passing through the median nerve.
• Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans provide a visual representation of the inner aspect of the wrist. These tests are used to determine whether there are anatomical abnormalities, arthritis-related wear, and tear, tumors, or physical obstructions in the carpal tunnel.

Conservative Treatment Options For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that develops over time, and finding treatment as soon as possible can slow down the progression of pain and discomfort.
• If your discomfort is still mild, you can manage it by taking frequent breaks, avoiding activities that involve hand and wrist movements, and applying cold packs.
• If carpal tunnel syndrome is related to the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, these conservative treatment options can help you manage your condition until it improves, which usually happens after delivery.

However, if the pain is becoming regular and more intense, you can discuss other conservative treatment options, such as the ones below:

• Rest and immobilization: Rest and immobilization can help reduce inflammation and swelling in the carpal tunnel area, which can decompress the median nerve. Nonetheless, the problem may return as soon as you resume your activities.
• An occupational therapist can help you modify your work and sporting activities to reduce the pressure on the wrist.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), over-the-counter painkillers, and corticosteroid injections can help you manage pain and inflammation in the short term or during flare-ups.
• It is important to notice that, if you have chronic pain, taking these medications daily can expose you to severe side effects, including an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, peptic ulcers, and dependency.
• Physical therapy: A physical therapist can help design an exercise program that may strengthen your hand structure and improve wrist flexibility, which can ease the pressure on the median nerve. Nerve gliding exercises, which help the median nerve move more freely within the carpal tunnel, can also help.
• Splinting: Using a splint can help you hold the wrist still when the pain from CTS intensifies, which usually happens at nighttime while using your hands, or typing on a keyboard. This may be a recommended option for pregnant patients because splinting does not involve taking medications.
• If carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by another underlying condition, such as diabetes or arthritis, treating these conditions may relieve the symptoms of CTS.
• It is important to notice that conservative treatments are most effective when carpal tunnel syndrome is still mild or moderate. If you have constant pain, have been suffering from CTS for more than ten months, or experience numbness, you should look for more efficient treatment options.

Surgical Treatment Options For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• With nearly half a million carpal tunnel release surgeries performed each year in the US, CTS is considered to be one of the most common hand conditions requiring surgery.
• However, surgical interventions for carpal tunnel release are only recommended for advanced cases of CTS or when conservative therapies have not delivered results.
• If you are considering this treatment option, make sure to discuss the risks of carpal tunnel release surgeries, which include infections and irreversible damage to the median nerve.
• Additionally, be sure to be aware of post-surgery recovery and rehabilitation times, which can stretch to 1 year or more. If you require surgery on your dominant hand, an invasive intervention can significantly delay your return to work.

Some of the most common surgical interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome include the following ones:

• Endoscopic carpal tunnel release: Endoscopic surgery is performed using a telescope-like instrument with an attached camera. This device, which is known as an endoscope, is inserted inside the carpal tunnel via a small incision.
• The endoscope is used to carry out a thorough examination of the carpal tunnel and cut a portion of the carpal ligament. This will create more space for the median nerve.
• Open-release surgery: Open carpal tunnel release is used to achieve similar results and ease the pressure on the median nerve.
• However, this surgery is highly invasive and requires the surgeon to perform an incision that runs from the palm of the hand to past the wrist. The incision is used to cut through the ligament and free the median nerve. This remains the most used surgery for carpal tunnel.
• Other surgical options: Other surgical options include less invasive and more innovative interventions such as the thread ultrasound-guided carpal tunnel release. This is an incision-less approach that reduces the risk of damage to the median nerve.

Complications Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• Leaving carpal tunnel syndrome unaddressed or not taking measures to manage aggravating factors can lead to severe complications.
• Firstly, constant pressure and constriction of the median nerve can cause irreversible nerve damage, which can lead to inhibited wrist function and disability.
• Additionally, the pain and weakness you experience may make hand movement undesirable. And, if not exercised, the muscles of the hand, wrist, and fingers can shrink and lose mass. This condition, which is called muscle atrophy, may require surgery to prevent irreversible damage.
• Other complications of carpal tunnel syndrome include sleep disturbances. 8 in 10 people with CTS experience sleep problems due to the fact that wrist pain intensifies at night.
• What’s more, over time, wrist pain and discomfort due to carpal tunnel syndrome can continue to worsen, which causes patients to lose an average of 27 days of work a year. 18% of people who develop CTS are also forced to leave their jobs within 18 months of the start of symptoms.
• If CTS does not improve with medications or is causing irreversible damage, surgery may start to appear as the inevitable option. Let’s look at the surgical treatment options for carpal tunnel syndrome below.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management And Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• If you have moderate or severe carpal tunnel syndrome, you may be struggling with debilitating pain and disability. And, in this case, surgery may seem like the only option.
• Fortunately, thanks to advances in medical therapy, you can manage your pain and regain control of your wrist’s function without medications, invasive procedures, or chiropractic treatments.
• Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management aims to address all aspects and risk factors that may be contributing to your pain and offer a treatment protocol that is non-invasive, non-surgical, non-chiropractic, and drug-free.

Prevention Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome may affect anyone, at any age. Some risk factors, such as genetics, a small frame, or menopause, cannot be modified. However, others can be addressed and corrected to reduce your risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome. Here are some of the key guidelines to follow:

• Proper ergonomics: Working with a specialized lifestyle counselor and occupational health professional can help you understand how your everyday activities are negatively affecting your wrist health. With proper wrist ergonomics, better posture, and activity modification, you can reduce the risk of developing CTS.
• Stretching exercises: Stretching and nerve gliding exercises may help you improve the strength and flexibility of your wrist structures, which can ease the pressure on the median nerve.
• Breaks and rest periods: If your job or sporting activity requires you to use your hands or wrists often, make breaks a priority. Rest periods of 10-15 minutes every hour allow you to stretch your wrist and avoid keeping the carpal tunnel under excessive pressure for too long.

Find Relief With RELATYV

• Carpal tunnel syndrome can affect every aspect of your life. Chronic wrist pain can prevent you from being productive at work, enjoy the activities you love, inhibit your athletic performance, and make it harder to complete daily tasks such as tying your shoes, driving, or cooking.
• But, today, undergoing surgeries or taking pain medications daily are no longer the only options. A custom Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management program can help you regain the health and function of your wrist without drugs or invasive procedures.

Dealing with chronic pain, or discomfort in general, can be incredibly challenging. Even mild to moderate pain can affect your quality of life if it’s chronic. However, if you know the cause, then at least you can start managing it better. But what if you don’t know the cause of the pain? Even more confusing — what if you’re experiencing pain in a limb of your body that’s no longer there? This is exactly the case when it comes to phantom pain.

Phantom pain is a condition that affects upwards of 80 percent of all amputees and can be incredibly frustrating to deal with because the limb or body part is no longer there. Although phantom pain can go away on its own, it can also become chronic. Fortunately, there are ways that you can treat and manage phantom pain.

 

What Is Phantom Pain?

Phantom pain is a type of chronic pain that occurs when an amputated part of the body is still sending signals to the brain that it is there. As you can imagine, feeling such pain can be incredibly aggravating. Not only do you have to deal with the experience of feeling the pain, but the fact that the body part is no longer there can also result in mental distress. The following are some of the specific symptoms that patients with phantom pain often experience:

 

Symptoms

Phantom pain tends to occur in a continuous cycle. However, certain outside factors are known to contribute to the pain as well. For example, stress or even a change in temperature can bring on phantom pain in the amputated limb. With that in mind, the following are some of the common symptoms of phantom pain:

Pain And Discomfort In The Missing Limb Or Body Part: The main symptom of phantom pain is a sensation of pain or discomfort in the missing limb or body part. This can range from mild to extreme and typically occurs right after the amputation surgery.

Tingling, Burning, Or Stabbing Sensations: These types of pain tend to occur in the distal parts of the missing limb, such as fingers or toes. They are also the types of sensations that are generally linked with neuropathic pain.

Itching Or Other Abnormal Sensations: Patients with phantom pain may also experience sensations such as itching in the absent limb or a feeling of coldness.

 

Causes Of Phantom Limb Pain

The exact cause of phantom pain is still unknown, but doctors have identified a few factors that may contribute to the condition. These include:

• Amputation: The nerves…
• Physical Trauma: Trauma at the amputation site can also cause phantom pain. This is because when physical trauma occurs, it can disrupt the nerves and scar tissue that has formed around the wound. As a result, your brain may interpret the signals as pain or discomfort in the missing limb.
• Neurological Disorders: Phantom pain is a neuropathic condition, so certain neurological disorders can also contribute to phantom pain. For example, if you are an amputee with a pre-existing neurological disorder, you may likely be more prone to experiencing phantom limb pain.

 

Diagnosis And Evaluation

You might think that a diagnosis would be clear-cut if you are an amputee and you’re experiencing symptoms of phantom pain in the limb that was amputated. However, this is not always the case. For example, you may feel pain at the amputation site due to nerve trauma, a poorly fit prosthesis, or other physical issues. Therefore, it is crucial to be evaluated by a doctor to determine the root cause of the pain and how it should be managed.

To diagnose phantom limb pain, doctors typically conduct the following:

• Medical History And Physical Examination: The Doctor will conduct a physical examination…
• Imaging Tests: The doctor may order imaging tests such as an X-ray or MRI…
• Neuropsychological Testing: These tests help doctors measure how the brain responds…

 

Phantom Pain Treatments Options

When it comes to the conventional treatment of phantom pain, the following are some of the common approaches:

• Medications: Doctors often prescribe medications…

Non-pharmacological Approaches: Some doctors may recommend non-invasive treatments that can help reduce phantom pain by attempting to target the physical and mental source of discomfort. The following are a few examples of such approaches:

• Physical Therapy: Physical therapy may involve gentle stretching and massage…
• Mirror Therapy: Mirror therapy tricks your brain…
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)…
• Physiotherapy: Physiotherapy and occupational therapy…
• Surgical Interventions: If the above treatments…

 

How To Cope Up And Manage Phantom Pain

Despite being called “phantom pain,” it’s anything but an illusion…

The following are some tips on how to cope with and manage phantom pain:

• Creating A Support System: A support system is essential…
• Practicing Mind-Body Techniques: Mind-body techniques like meditation…
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a form of psychotherapy…

 

Achieve Long-Term Relief From Phantom Limb Pain

Living with phantom limb pain can be a challenging experience. But, with the right treatment and coping strategies, you can reduce your pain and improve your quality of life. We employ a Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management treatment plan consisting of a whole-person, non-opioid, non-chiropractic, non-invasive approach to reducing pain.

This involves a combination of FDA-cleared electroanalgesia treatment, IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling tailored to your individual needs. We also provide emotional support and guidance to help you manage your condition and live a more fulfilling life. Contact us today for more information about how we can help you achieve relief from phantom limb pain.

If you suffer from trigeminal neuralgia, you are familiar with the excruciating pain that comes on suddenly, envelops your face, and disrupts your life. And, of course, it doesn’t help that flare-ups are often caused by the simplest of things, such as touching your face, brushing your hair, or kissing a loved one.

Trigeminal neuralgia isn’t considered to be life-threatening per se. But, given the number of patients attempting to take their life to put a stop to the pain, it isn’t surprising that this condition is also known as “suicide disease”.

Fortunately, relying on often ineffective pain medications or undergoing invasive surgical procedures are no longer the only options to manage your pain. Thanks to Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management whole-person approach, you can address the triggers of flare-ups, ease painful sensations, and gain your life back – without drugs or surgery. Let’s see how below.

What Is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Also known as tic douloureux (painful tic), Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic, lifelong condition that causes agonizing pain. The painful episodes usually focalize on one side of the face, develop in a matter of seconds, and can disrupt your daily life.

The pain stems from a problem with the trigeminal nerve, which is a set of cranial nerves starting from the top of the ear and splitting off across the side of the face. Although you have two trigeminal nerves – one for each side of the face – TN usually affects only one of these nerves.

In people with TN, the dysfunction of the trigeminal nerve often occurs due to a blood vessel pressing on and damaging the nerve. However, this condition may also have other causes, such as tumors, surgical injuries, facial trauma, or multiple sclerosis.

The pain deriving from this disease is often described as an electric shock-like, stabbing sensation, so intense that it can prevent you from drinking, eating, smiling, or speaking.

The Prevalence, Incidence, and Impact of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is considered to be a rare disorder, affecting around 5.5 people in a population of 100,000. Only around 15,000 new cases of TN are registered every year in the US, and women – especially those aged 50 and over – are twice as likely as men to suffer from it.

But while rare, this condition can be extremely severe. The painful episodes it causes are unpredictable and agonizing, which can lead to mental and physical distress. What’s more, currently, there is no definitive cure for TN. Surgical interventions may help suppress symptoms temporarily, while medications can help relieve pain.

Because of the lack of a cure and extremely painful sensations, trigeminal neuralgia may push people toward attempting suicide. In a 2018 study, TN accounted for 26% of all attempted suicides in people with chronic headache disorders.

Fortunately, for today’s patients, there is hope to find an efficient treatment option that does not involve medications or surgery.

Anatomy And Physiology Of The Trigeminal Nerve

As seen above, trigeminal neuralgia is a condition deriving from disruptions in the functioning of the trigeminal nerve. This can happen when a blood vessel gets into contact with – and presses on – the nerve, but other conditions can also cause damage to the trigeminal nerve.

To understand how TN relates to trigeminal nerve damage, let’s first look at the function and anatomy of this nerve.

The Function Of The Trigeminal Nerve

The trigeminal nerve is one of the 12 pairs of nerves that stem from the brain and spread across the body. These nerves are responsible for transmitting signals to the brain related to sensations, pain, touch, vibration, muscle movements, and bodily functions such as heartbeat and digestion. These signals are then processed by the brain, a process that enables you to move your muscles and experience sensations in response to stimuli.

In particular, the trigeminal nerve branches out into the face and is responsible for transmitting pain, touch, and temperature sensations from your face to the brain.

Trigeminal Nerve Branches

There are two trigeminal nerves, one located on each side of the face. Each nerve starts on top of the ear and then splits off into three branches:

The ophthalmic branch: This is the upper branch of the trigeminal nerve. It spreads across the scalp and forehead, and it transmits signals to the brain relating to the upper portion of your head.

The maxillary branch: This branch of the trigeminal nerve connects the middle portion of your face to the brain, including the cheek, upper jaw, nostrils, and upper lip.

The mandibular branch: The lower branch of the trigeminal nerve supplies nerve endings in the lower jaw area, bottom lip, teeth, and gums.

Role In Facial Sensation

The trigeminal nerve carries sensations from the different parts of the face to the brain. This connection can be interrupted due to nerve damage, which may occur if the trigeminal nerve is compressed, irritated, or inflamed.

When this nerve is damaged, it can misfire, causing you to experience sudden electric shock-like sensations. The jolt of pain may also be triggered by stimuli that should be painless, such as brushing your hair, touching your face, or putting on makeup.

Although it may feel like the pain caused by TN envelops a whole side of your face, it tends to focalize around the area where one of the nerve branches is irritated or damaged. The intensity of the pain caused by trigeminal neuralgia is reported to be worse than experiencing a heart attack or giving birth.

Types of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia has one constant: causing excruciating pain. However, the intensity, pattern, frequency, and location of flare-ups may vary from one person to another.

In most cases, painful sensations occur in intermittent bouts and are characterized by stabbing sensations. However, some people experience constant aching or burning pain.

Depending on your symptoms, your condition may be classified as classic trigeminal neuralgia or atypical trigeminal neuralgia. Let’s look at these variations of TN below.

Type 1: Classic Trigeminal Neuralgia

Also known as “classic”, Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia is the most common form of TN. If you have this condition, you’ll experience painful episodes characterized by sharp and burning sensations on one side of your face.

These episodes start with mild numbness and tingling and achieve full intensity in a matter of seconds. Each burst of pain can last between a few seconds and two minutes before easing off.

The bouts of pain usually occur very close together and are followed by brief pain-free periods. They can continue intermittently for up to two hours, but some people experience hundreds of attacks a day. After a flare-up, you may enjoy a period of remission, during which you don’t experience pain for months or years. The periods of remission tend to get shorter with time, and the pain always comes back.

A flare-up of trigeminal neuralgia can be triggered by contact with the cheek, vibration, or touch, which can occur when you are washing your face, eating, or drinking. The attacks rarely occur when you are sleeping.

Type 2: Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia

Atypical – or Type 2 – trigeminal neuralgia is far less common than Classic TN. This form of trigeminal neuralgia causes painful sensations that may be less intense, but also more widespread and constant. People with atypical TN often describe their pain as stabbing, burning, aching, or dull, and they tend to have more difficulty managing their symptoms.

While the pain deriving from Type 2 TN isn’t as excruciating as the one resulting from Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia, it can be just as life-limiting, especially as attacks progress and worsen over time. Additionally, with time, the periods of remission tend to be fewer and shorter, and medications become less effective in controlling the pain.

To complicate the clinical picture of someone with Type 2 trigeminal neuralgia is the fact that the symptoms of this condition overlap with the ones of other diseases, such as temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, craniocervical instability (CCI), and Transverse Cervical Nerve (TCN). This often leads to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment.

Characteristics Of Trigeminal Neuralgia Pain

Trigeminal neuralgia pain can vary from one person to another, but there are some similarities. Firstly, the pain caused by this condition is known to be one of the most excruciating sensations known to humanity, often described as being worse than giving birth or suffering a heart attack.

Additionally, the attacks tend to follow a similar pattern, which has the following characteristics:

During an attack, the shock-like sensations occur very close to each other, each of which will last between a few seconds and two minutes.

Attacks with intermittent bouts of pain can last 2 hours or longer. Attacks also tend to last longer and become more intense as the damage to the trigeminal nerve progresses.

The periods of remission can last between a few weeks and a few years. However, trigeminal neuralgia never disappears on its own, and the pain-free periods tend to become shorter with time.

Trigeminal neuralgia pain occurs in one side of the face. In nearly 60% of cases, the right side of the face is affected. Bilateral neuralgia can also occur, but it is very rare.

Working with a specialist can help you better understand the patterns and characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia pain.

Symptoms Of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Although pain is certainly the most prominent symptom of trigeminal neuralgia, the painful sensations this condition causes can vary from one person to another. If you have TN, here are some of the most common symptoms you’ll experience:

Sudden, Severe, Electric Shock-Like Or Stabbing Pain: A damaged trigeminal nerve tends to misfire and send inappropriate pain signals to the brain, which translate into electric shock-like sensations across one side of the face.

Pain Felt On One Side Of The Face: In trigeminal neuralgia, the pain will be localized on the side of the face where nerve damage or irritation occurred. In particular, if a specific branch of the trigeminal nerve is affected, you may experience pain in the upper, middle, or lower portion of the face. Damage to the mandibular (lower) branch of the trigeminal nerve is the most common form of TN.

Pain Triggered By Actions Such As Chewing, Talking, Or Brushing Teeth: Nerve damage can cause you to experience painful sensations in response to stimuli that should otherwise be painless. In trigeminal neuralgia, an irritated trigeminal nerve can fire up in response to mild sensations, such as brushing your teeth, shaving, applying makeup, or even touching a lip with your tongue.

Pain That Occurs In Bursts Or Episodes: especially if you have Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia, the painful sensations will be concentrated in intense and intermittent bursts of pain.

Intense, Sharp, Or Shooting Pain: Whether you have trigeminal neuralgia type 1 or 2, the pain will manifest itself as intense and sharp, stabbing, or shooting. Over time, the painful sensations can last for up to 2 minutes before easing down.

Pain That Spread To Other Areas Of The Face: Painful sensations are often concentrated on one side of the face, depending on which trigeminal nerve (or a branch of) has been damaged. Trigeminal neuralgia can also occur on both sides of the face, and the pain can spread to your eyes, mouth, nose, scalp, and forehead.

Pain Accompanied By Involuntary Twitching, Grimacing, Or Wincing Of The Face Or Mouth: Damage to the trigeminal nerve can also inhibit motor signals traveling to the brain, which are the signals that relate to muscle movement. This can cause involuntary muscle movements such as twitches, spasms, and cramps.

Numbness Or Weakness: Although trigeminal neuralgia expresses itself with pain, nerve damage can also prevent pain and touch signals from reaching the brain. When this happens, you may experience numbness or weakness in several parts of your face.

Besides physical symptoms, trigeminal neuralgia can also have an impact on your psychological and emotional health. According to a 2015 study, people with trigeminal neuralgia are at greater risk of developing mental health disorders such as depressive and suicidal episodes. These episodes are concentrated during painful attacks, but you may also suffer from anxiety from the thought of the pain returning and live in fear of experiencing an attack.

Causes Of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition caused by the abnormal functioning of the trigeminal nerve. This dysfunction can occur from nerve damage, irritation, or compression, but it can also be idiopathic (without a known cause) in some cases.

Below, we’ll look at what can trigger trigeminal neuralgia:

Compression of The Trigeminal Nerve: Usually, the trigeminal nerve becomes compressed when a nearby blood vessel – artery or vein – that runs nearby gets into contact with the nerve. This contact presses on and irritates the nerve, damaging the myelin – or the nerve’s outer protective sheath. Vascular compression is the most common cause of trigeminal neuralgia, but pressure on the trigeminal nerve can also be caused by abnormalities such as a tumor.

Multiple Sclerosis: Other conditions, such as MS can cause the demyelination (damage to the myelin) of the trigeminal nerve. Studies have shown that 15% of people affected by trigeminal neuralgia are then diagnosed with MS, while up to 3.4% of people with multiple sclerosis have TN.

Injury or Trauma: Surgical injury (often following oral or sinus surgery), or facial trauma can damage the trigeminal nerve, thus leading to TN. The symptoms of TN caused by injury or trauma are similar to the ones caused by dental problems, and people with undiagnosed trigeminal neuralgia often undergo several dental procedures to attempt to address the pain.

Genetics: 1-2% of trigeminal neuralgia cases have inherited or genetic factors. Although the relationship between genetics and TN is unclear, having someone in your family with this condition may increase your risk of suffering from it.

Other Medical Conditions: Stroke and brain lesions may damage the trigeminal nerve or lead to pain that is similar to the one caused by trigeminal neuralgia. New research is also exploring whether nerve damage caused by shingles may also be related to trigeminal neuralgia.

After the onset of symptoms, trigeminal neuralgia becomes a lifelong, chronic condition. Although you may experience pain-free periods of remission, a new attack can be caused by one of several triggers, including the following:

Experiencing a light breeze or gust of wind on your face

Touching your face

Eating or drinking

Talking or smiling

Brushing your teeth or touching your teeth with your lips

Pressing on your cheek or jaw line

These triggers may change over time. However, understanding what triggered a previous attack may help you prolong a period of remission.

Risk Factors Of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Although anyone can experience trigeminal neuralgia, some factors may increase your risk of suffering from it. These include:

Age: The aging process causes a decline in the health and function of the nervous system, making trigeminal neuralgia and nerve damage more likely. This condition mostly develops in adults between 37 and 67 years old.

Gender: Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from TN.

Excessive dental procedure: Invasive or improper dental procedures can damage the trigeminal nerve.

Cardiovascular disease: If you have high blood pressure or you have suffered a stroke, it is more likely for the trigeminal nerve to be compressed by a blood vessel or damaged.

Playing contact sports: Engaging in activities that increase the chances of facial trauma can increase your risk of suffering from trigeminal neuralgia later in life.

Tests and Procedures in Diagnosing Trigeminal Neuralgia

Although there is no definitive diagnostic procedure for trigeminal neuralgia, a neurologist or healthcare specialist will be able to determine what is causing your facial pain. However, because of the overlapping of symptoms with other conditions, atypical TN is more difficult to identify and sometimes misdiagnosed.

Diagnosing trigeminal neuralgia involves the following steps:

Medical History and Physical Examination: Your doctor will review the nature and pattern of your symptoms, assess your medical history, and carry out a physical examination of your face to exclude other underlying conditions.

Neurological Examination: During a neurological exam, a specialist will evaluate your mental health, muscle strength, and reflexes. A doctor will also check for nerve abnormalities by testing for sensation on the face, checking your hearing and vision, and observing how you move your eyes, mouth, neck, and shoulders.

Imaging Studies: Computerized tomography (CT) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests are used to obtain a clear picture of the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve. Through these scans, your doctor will be able to identify abnormalities such as a tumor or blood vessels that may be compressing the nerve. These tests can also be used to diagnose the underlying conditions behind trigeminal neuralgia pain, such as Multiple Sclerosis.

Electrophysiological Tests: These tests are used to evaluate the health of your body’s electrical system.

Common Treatment Options for Trigeminal Neuralgia

As seen above, trigeminal neuralgia is a lifelong condition for which there is no definitive cure. However, healthcare professionals can prescribe several lines of treatment to ease the intensity of the pain, reduce the frequency of attacks, and prolong the periods of remission.

Prescription Medications

Commonly prescribed medications for TN include:

Anti-seizure medications: Antiepileptic drugs may interfere with the transmission of pain signals sent by nerves that are damaged or overly sensitized, such as in the case of an irritated trigeminal nerve. This class of drugs is more efficient for Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia than for Type 2.

Antidepressants: Antidepressants work by stimulating the activity of neurotransmitters in the spinal cord, which are responsible for reducing and modulating pain signals.

Nerve blocks: These are injections of steroid medications that provide temporary relief from pain.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery

If medications have not offered the desired results, your doctor may suggest undergoing a surgical procedure called stereotactic radiosurgery. This type of surgery uses a tool known as Gamma Knife or CyberKnife to create a lesion at the root of the trigeminal nerve using a concentrated amount of focused radiation.

This severs the connection between the trigeminal nerve and the brain, thus stopping you from feeling pain. This surgical intervention can ease trigeminal neuralgia pain for as long as three years but can worsen the sensations of numbness and weakness in the face.

When choosing a pharmacological treatment, it is important to keep in mind that trigeminal neuralgia is a progressive and chronic condition. This means that you may be taking medications daily for years to come, and the efficacy of these medications may decrease with time. This can expose you to severe side effects, including addiction.

Percutaneous Procedures

Percutaneous – or “through the skin” – surgical procedures are used to destroy some nerve fibers in the trigeminal nerve. This reduces pain for two years or longer, but it can also increase sensations of facial numbness.

These procedures are known as rhizotomy. There are several types of rhizotomy that can be used for trigeminal neuralgia, including:

Balloon compression: In this procedure, a small tube is inserted through the cheek and guided to the trigeminal nerve. The tube is used to insert a catheter with a small balloon, which is then inflated. The pressure caused by the inflated balloon damages the nerve fibers that are causing pain.

Glycerol injection: In this procedure, a small amount of sterile glycerol is inserted in the area of the trigeminal nerve where it splits into three branches. This substance selectively damages the nerve to relieve painful sensations.

Radiofrequency thermal lesioning: This procedure selectively damages the area of the trigeminal nerve that is causing pain by briefly heating the nerve to 80°C.

Another surgical procedure used to treat trigeminal neuralgia is microvascular decompression. In this procedure, the blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve are removed or relocated. This is the most invasive surgical procedure for TN.

Alternative Therapies

According to a 2021 study, alternative and complementary therapies – when coupled with other therapies – can be beneficial in relieving TN pain and easing the intensity of attacks. Some of these therapies include yoga, meditation, biofeedback, aromatherapy, acupuncture, low-impact exercise, and creative visualization. These approaches relieve stress and trigger the production of pain-relieving hormones, such as endorphins.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management

The fact that there is no cure for trigeminal neuralgia does not mean that you have to spend your life dealing with excruciating pain, enduring the side effects of medications, or living in fear of suffering another attack.

With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management, you can address all aspects that may be contributing to your condition, ease pain, and return to enjoying your life. And, you can do all this without surgery, medication, or chiropractic care.

Breakthrough Trigeminal Neuralgia Pain With Us

If you are living with excruciating pain caused by trigeminal neuralgia, the chances are that you have a single, constant thought: finding an efficient treatment option that does not involve surgery or medications.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management can help. Thanks to our innovative whole-person approach, you can ease the pain without drugs or invasive surgeries – and stop living in fear of suffering another agonizing attack.

Knee pain, in general, is one of the most common types of pain people experience in the U.S. In fact, knee pain is the second most common cause of chronic pain. When you consider the fact that the knees are among the most regularly used joints in our body, it’s not surprising that problems can easily occur.

In addition, a wide range of issues can cause knee pain. Some of these issues are acute, meaning they can last a short time and may go away on their own or with treatment. However, chronic knee issues last for an extended period of time. If you suffer from chronic knee issues, you’ll need to understand the causes, associated symptoms, and available treatments to manage your chronic knee pain effectively.

What Is Chronic Knee Pain?

Chronic knee pain is defined as pain that persists for more than three months. It can vary in intensity, but it typically causes consistent discomfort and pain. Chronic knee pain can also be accompanied by swelling and stiffness in the affected joint.

It is important to note that chronic knee problems are not always caused by an injury or medical condition. Chronic knee issues often result from overuse or wear and tear from everyday activities such as walking, running, or climbing stairs.

The Difference Between Chronic And Acute Pain

Acute knee pain generally occurs suddenly and lasts for a short period. It is often the result of an injury or medical condition such as a fracture, torn ligament, or infection. Acute knee pain can usually be treated with rest, ice, and physical therapy.

Acute knee pain is temporary and is caused by issues that either heal with time or can be cured or repaired. On the other hand, chronic pain tends to be long-term and can be caused by problems that linger or are permanent. As such, chronic knee pain can be more challenging to treat than acute knee pain.

Symptoms of Chronic Knee Pain

There are a variety of symptoms that indicate you may be suffering from chronic knee pain. The following are some of the common symptoms that are caused by chronic knee problems:

Swelling And Stiffness

Certain chronic knee issues can cause the knee joint to become inflamed, which can lead to swelling and stiffness. If swelling or stiffness is present, it can make the knee tender to the touch and make it difficult to move or bend the joint.

Warmth And Redness

If your knee is inflamed or infected, it might be warm to the touch and appear red. This can also indicate that an underlying medical condition is causing your chronic knee pain.

Clicking Noises When Bending The Knee

If you hear a clicking sound (or even a grinding sound) when you bend your knee, this could indicate a problem with the cartilage in your knee. This can be caused by conditions such as arthritis, which can lead to chronic knee pain.

Joint Instability

Knee instability can be a symptom of chronic knee pain. If you feel like your knee is giving out or buckling when you put weight on it, this could be a sign of an underlying issue. This can occur due to weakened knee ligaments or even damage to the cartilage in the joint.

Persistent Ache Or Discomfort

Finally, if you are experiencing a persistent ache or discomfort in your knee that lasts for more than three months, this is an indication of chronic knee pain. It’s important to note that the intensity and type of pain can vary depending on the underlying cause of your chronic knee issues.

Long-Term Effects Of Living With Chronic Knee Pain

Living with chronic knee pain can have a serious effect on your life, both physically and emotionally. Over time, the pain and discomfort can result in a decreased quality of life, as well as other long-term effects such as:

Physical Limitations: Chronic knee pain can cause difficulty walking, climbing stairs, and performing everyday activities. This can lead to a loss of independence and the inability to participate in activities that were once enjoyed.

Muscle Weakness: Knee pain can cause muscles in the affected area to weaken due to lack of use. This can lead to further loss of mobility and an increased risk of falls or other accidents.

Emotional Stress: Chronic knee pain can lead to depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues as a result of the physical limitations and restrictions it causes. This can further limit your ability to enjoy life and participate in activities.

Worsening Symptoms: Chronic knee pain can worsen over time without treatment. This can lead to decreased range of motion and an increased risk for serious conditions such as arthritis or other degenerative diseases.

Causes of Chronic Knee Pain

Because the knees are some of the more used joints in the body, there are countless issues that can lead to chronic knee pain. With that in mind, these are some of the common causes of chronic knee pain:

Tendinitis

Tendinitis is an inflammation of the tendons connected to the knee joint. It can be caused by overuse or aggravated due to activities such as running or jumping. It can lead to chronic knee pain, swelling, and stiffness, which can limit mobility.

Bursitis

Bursitis occurs when the bursa becomes inflamed. The bursa is a small sac located between the knee joint’s bones and tendons. The bursa protects the knee joint from friction and wear and tear. Thus, if it becomes inflamed, it can cause chronic pain in the knee joint. Infection or trauma to the joint can cause bursitis. Bursitis often causes chronic knee pain, swelling, and tenderness when applying pressure to the area.

Ligament Tears

Ligament tears can be caused by direct trauma to the knee or overuse, leading to chronic knee pain. Ligament tears are a common sports-related injury due to the high forces applied to the knee joint when running or jumping. If a ligament is torn, it can cause instability in the joint and chronic pain.

Arthritis

Arthritis is a degenerative joint disease that can cause chronic knee pain. This condition is often caused by age-related wear and tear on the joint, but it can also be caused by an underlying medical issue. Arthritis in the knee joint can cause pain, stiffness, and decreased joint mobility. It’s important to mention that there are many kinds of arthritis, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis can occur in the knee joint and affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused when the cartilage cushioning the bones wears down over time. This can leave bone rubbing against bone, causing chronic pain in the knee joint. It’s estimated that 10 percent of men and 13 percent of women over the age of 60 suffer from osteoarthritis knee pain.

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Patellofemoral pain syndrome occurs when the kneecap does not move properly within the knee joint. Patellofemoral pain syndrome can be caused by tight muscles and tendons, weak quadriceps muscles, or alignment issues in the knee. This condition can lead to chronic pain, knee discomfort, and a clicking sensation when bending the joint. It’s important to note that this condition is more common in women and athletes, especially those involved in running sports.

Injury Or Trauma

Although many issues that cause chronic knee pain simply develop due to wear and tear over time, chronic knee pain can also be caused by various injuries and trauma. The following are a few examples of injury or trauma-induced conditions that can lead to chronic knee pain:

Osteoarthritis: Although osteoarthritis can develop due to wear and tear, it can also be caused by direct trauma or injury to the joint. If the joint experiences a significant force, such as from a fall or direct impact, it can damage the cartilage and lead to osteoarthritis.

Chondromalacia Patella: Chondromalacia Patella is a condition caused by misalignment or excessive wear of the kneecap. This can be caused if the knee joint experiences direct trauma or injury from something like a fall.

Gout: Gout occurs when uric acid builds up in the joint and is typically caused by dietary issues. This condition can also be caused by direct trauma or injury to the joint, such as a sprain or fracture, which can lead to inflammation of the knee. This inflammation can lead to the buildup of uric acid, causing gout.

Baker’s Cyst: A Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that develops behind the knee joint. This condition can be caused by an injury or trauma to the joint, such as a ligament tear. This can cause inflammation in the joint, resulting in the fluid buildup and a Baker’s cyst. Baker’s cysts differ from gout because they are filled with synovial fluid rather than uric acid.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that can cause chronic pain and inflammation. It differs from osteoarthritis because it is caused by the immune system attacking the joint. This condition can be triggered or exacerbated by direct trauma or injury to the joint.

Dislocation: If the knee joint experiences a significant force, such as from a fall or direct impact, it can cause the bones in the joint to become misaligned. This can lead to a condition known as knee dislocation, which can cause chronic pain and instability in the joint. Although the knee can be put back into place with manual manipulation or surgery, knee dislocation can lead to long-term issues such as arthritis and instability.

Meniscus Tear: A meniscus is a piece of cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in the knee joint. A tear in the meniscus can be caused by direct trauma or injury to the joint, such as a twist or turn. This can cause chronic pain and instability in the knee joint.

Torn Ligament: The knee joint is held together by four different ligaments that connect the bones in your knee. A direct trauma or injury to the joint, such as a fall or twist, can cause one of these ligaments to tear. This can lead to chronic pain and instability in the joint as well as a decreased range of motion.

Bone Tumors: A bone tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in the bones. Although rare, direct trauma or injury to the knee joint can cause one of these tumors to develop by causing the cells in the bone to start multiplying. This can lead to chronic pain in the knee joint.

Risk Factors

Several risk factors can increase an individual’s chances of developing chronic knee pain. The following are a few of the most common risk factors associated with chronic knee pain that you should be aware of:

Aging

As people age, their bones and joints naturally become weaker due to wear and tear over time. This can cause the cartilage surrounding the knee joint to break down, resulting in chronic pain. In addition, older adults are more prone to falls which can result in direct trauma or injury to the knee joint, leading to chronic pain.

Certain Sports Or Occupation

Certain sports and occupations can put additional strain on the knee joint, leading to injury or trauma. For example, activities that involve jumping or running put a lot of pressure on the knee joint, which can cause direct trauma or injury to the knee joint. Similarly, certain occupations, such as construction work, may involve repetitive motions that can also put extra stress on the knee joint.

Previous Knee Injury

Previous knee injuries can increase a person’s risk of developing chronic knee pain. This is because previous injury or trauma to the joint can weaken the structure of the joint, making it more prone to further injury or trauma.

Diagnosis

When visiting a doctor, they will evaluate your knee pain by asking how long you have had it, what activities make the pain worse or better, and if there has been any previous injury to the knee joint. They will also ask about the type of pain you’re feeling and whether you’re experiencing any other symptoms. They will then do a physical examination of the knee joint, looking for any signs of inflammation, instability, or swelling by testing the knee’s mobility, flexibility, and range of motion.

It’s important to note that chronic knee pain is a symptom, not a condition. As such, certain imaging tests will likely be required to determine what the underlying cause is. Tests such as X-rays or MRIs can be used to assess joint integrity and detect any structural damage that may be causing the pain. Once the underlying cause of the knee pain has been identified, further treatment and rehabilitation can be recommended.

Chronic Knee Pain Treatment

Because there are so many underlying conditions that can cause chronic knee pain, there are many ways that traditional doctors will recommend treating it. The following is an overview of the treatment options that are available for chronic knee pain:

Conventional Measures

Most traditional doctors will stick to conventional measures to treat chronic knee pain. These include the following:

Anti-Inflammatory Medication: Because chronic knee pain is often the result of inflammation (especially in the case of conditions like arthritis), anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation in the joints.

Rest: Sometimes, an injury may have caused chronic knee pain. In such cases, resting the knee by avoiding physical activities that strain the joint can help give the knee time to heal. For example, if you experience a minor tear in one of your knee ligaments, certain physical activities can make it worse. Resting the knee, in this case, can give it time to heal on its own.

Physical Therapy: Physical therapy can be used to increase strength and flexibility in the knee joint, which can help reduce pain and improve mobility. Building strength in the surrounding muscles can help protect the knee joint and reduce stress on the joint as well. Physical therapy is often prescribed for patients who have experienced knee injuries or trauma.

Surgical Procedures

In cases where chronic knee pain is caused by a serious issue, such as a severely damaged or torn ligament, surgery might be recommended to repair the knee joint. Surgery is usually the last option and should only be considered after all other treatments have been exhausted.

Surgical procedures are extremely invasive and can lead to complications, such as infections or nerve damage. Not to mention, the recovery time can be long, and there’s no guarantee of success. As such, it should only be considered a last resort.

Keeping this in mind, the following are the two primary types of surgeries that are done to help address severe chronic knee pain problems:

Partial/Total Knee Replacements: Partial or total knee replacements involve replacing the entire damaged knee joint with a prosthetic implant. This is usually done in cases where the pain and mobility issues are severe and cannot be successfully treated with conservative measures.

Cartilage Transplant: In cases where the pain is due to wear and tear on the cartilage, a procedure called a cartilage transplant can be done. This involves replacing the damaged cartilage with healthy tissue taken from another area of the body.

Does Knee Pain Ever Go Away?

Whether your knee pain will go away depends on the underlying cause of the knee pain. For example, certain injuries can heal over time, whereas conditions like arthritis are permanent and cannot be cured. However, there are treatments available that can help to reduce the severity of knee pain and improve mobility.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Approaches Chronic Knee Pain

We avoid many conventional treatment methods for chronic knee pain. The drug-free, non-surgical Neurofunctional Pain Management protocols apply a whole-body approach to address the root cause of your knee pain and deliver long-term relief, which is why we avoid the use of pain medications, which only address the symptom and can cause side effects as well as be habit-forming. Additionally, we avoid any treatment solutions that present a potential health risk, whether it’s invasive surgical procedures or chiropractic treatment.

The Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management protocol includes electroanalgesia and IV therapy, both of which can help reduce inflammation in targeted areas, such as the knee, to reduce painful symptoms associated with chronic knee pain. Electroanalgesia uses high-pulse currents to block pain signals, release endorphins, and reduce muscle spasms. IV therapy can help reduce symptoms by providing vital vitamins and minerals, improving overall health and well-being, and reducing pain.

Ways You Can Do To Avoid Chronic Knee Pain

As part of our holistic approach to pain management, we also provide our patients with lifestyle counseling. This involves everything from diet and nutrition recommendations to specific exercises and ways to manage stress. Keeping that in mind, the following are some of the things you can do to avoid chronic knee pain:

Warm-up Before Exercise: Before any physical activity, you should warm up your muscles and joints properly. This helps ensure that you don’t strain or overwork your body and can help prevent certain injuries, such as torn ligaments or tendons.

Low-Impact Exercises: Certain low-impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, are great options for people with chronic knee pain. These activities help strengthen the muscles around the knee joint while avoiding putting too much strain on the joint.

Maintaining a Healthy Weight: Being overweight can put additional strain on the knee joints, leading to chronic pain. Maintaining a healthy weight will help reduce the strain placed on the joints and can help reduce pain and prevent future issues, such as arthritis.

Walking Downhill: Walking is an excellent way to stay active and reduce knee pain. However, it’s vital to be aware of where you are walking. Walking uphill puts additional strain on the knee joints, whereas walking downhill can actually help reduce strain.

Get Support: Proper footwear, such as orthotics or knee braces, can help provide extra knee support and reduce pressure on them.

Start Moving With No Chronic Knee Pain

With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management, we believe that long-term relief from chronic knee pain is possible. By using a holistic approach to pain management that addresses the root cause of your chronic knee pain, we can help you get back to doing the things that you love without pain or limitation. If you’re ready to start moving again, contact us today to learn more about the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management program and how it can help you find lasting relief from chronic knee pain.

Gout is a serious condition that affects over 9.2 million people in the U.S. The pain associated with gout can be debilitating and even lead to long-term disability. Gout flare-ups, which occur when the pain is at its worst, can last days or weeks and affect your ability to carry out everyday activities.

Because it tends to affect the big toe the most, activities like driving or even walking can become excruciatingly painful. In severe cases, gout can lead to permanent joint and tissue damage.

What Is Gout?

Gout is a kind of arthritis. It can cause sudden, severe pain and swelling in your joints. The condition is caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in your joints, which can lead to intense and chronic pain.

Which Parts Of The Body Are Affected?

Gout most commonly affects the big toe (in fact, 50 percent of gout attacks begin in the big toe). However, gout can also affect the ankles, wrists, fingers, and elbows. In some cases, gout can even spread to the knees, hands, and shoulders.

How Gout Causes Pain

The presence of uric acid crystals in your joints and the surrounding tissue can cause inflammation and pain. This is due to a response from the immune system, which tries to break down and remove the crystals. As a result, the pain is often sharp, intense, and sudden.

Causes And Possible Risk Factors For Gout

The accumulation of uric acid crystals is caused by an excess of uric acid in your bloodstream. There are several causes and potential risk factors that can cause this buildup, such as:

Family History

A family history of gout will increase your risk of developing the condition. Certain genetic mutations can cause the body to produce more uric acid than it can process, resulting in a buildup of uric acid crystals.

Age-Related Deterioration

As you age, your kidneys become less effective at filtering and removing waste from your body. As a result, uric acid is more likely to build up in your blood, causing gout.

Eating Purine-Rich Foods

Purines are organic compounds found in some foods. The body breaks purines down into uric acid so it can be removed with greater ease. Unfortunately, eating too many purine-rich foods, such as organ meats and seafood, can lead to an accumulation of uric acid.

Drinking Beverages with High-Fructose Corn Syrup

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is often added to sodas and other sweet beverages. When consumed in large amounts, HFCS can contribute to elevated uric acid levels and increase the risk of gout.

Alcohol Use

Alcohol consumption, especially in excess, can lead to elevated uric acid levels. Beer is particularly known for containing high amounts of purines, which are converted to uric acid in the body.

Symptoms Of Gout

Various symptoms are associated with gout, ranging from mild discomfort to debilitating pain. The following are common symptoms associated with gout:

Intense Pain In Joints

The most common gout symptom is intense pain in the affected joint. Gout pain generally comes on suddenly and can be very severe. It’s often described as a burning sensation or throbbing ache. Pain can last for several days or even weeks, making it difficult to move the affected joint and making everyday activities such as walking or driving unbearable.

Also, dealing with long periods of gout pain can lead to disrupted sleep and fatigue.

Discoloration Or Redness

The affected joint can become discolored or reddish. This discoloring can happen because of the presence of uric acid crystals and inflammation.

Swelling and Stiffness

The joint may also be tender when touched or become swollen and stiff as a result of the inflammation. It’s common for these symptoms to accompany the intense pain of gout and the discoloration of the joint.

Unusual Warmth

The affected joint may also be unusually warm when you touch it due to increased blood flow as a result of inflammation.

How To Manage Symptoms Of A Gout Attack

Even if a gout attack doesn’t cause debilitating pain, the swelling that is common due to inflammation can make it difficult to move the affected joint. Here are some tips for managing a gout attack:

Icing Joints

You can reduce any swelling or pain by putting an ice pack on the affected joint. Doing so can help address any unusual warmth in the joint as well.

Elevation

Elevating the affected joint can also help reduce swelling and pain. Whether you sit in an armchair with your feet elevated or put a pillow under your leg. Elevating the joint helps reduce swelling and pain by reducing pressure on the joint. Doing so can help to improve circulation in the area, which can help speed up recovery.

Limiting Physical Activity

Resting the affected joint is also critical. Limiting physical activity, especially any movement that causes pain, can help reduce inflammation and relieve pressure on the joint.

Drinking Water

Staying hydrated is essential for managing a gout attack. Dehydration can worsen symptoms by increasing uric acid concentration in the blood. Drinking plenty of water can help reduce uric acid levels in the body and relieve pain. Not to mention that electrolytes and minerals found in water also help reduce inflammation.

Conventional Treatment Options for Gout

Gout affects millions of people, which means that most medical professionals aren’t strangers to treating patients with gout. Unfortunately, there is no cure for gout; however, there are many ways in which gout can be treated. The following are some of the more conventional treatment options:

Low-Purine Diet

Because purine-rich foods are known for triggering gout attacks, a low-purine diet is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments. This means avoiding high-purine foods such as red meat, organ meats, and seafood (such as sardines, mackerel, and anchovies).

Many doctors may recommend Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), which is a plan emphasizing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Over-The-Counter Medication

Over-the-counter medications are often recommended to help address pain and inflammation. Just keep in mind that these medications are only effective at providing short-term relief because they’re only addressing the symptoms of gout, not the condition itself.

NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen or aspirin, can help temporarily reduce pain and inflammation.

Colchicine: Colchicine is a medication that can help reduce inflammation in the affected joint by preventing white blood cells from attacking it.

Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids are steroids that are usually taken orally or injected. They help reduce inflammation and provide relief from pain.

Prescription Medication

Prescription medications tend to be much stronger, meaning they can be more effective but also riskier to take. For instance, some prescription medications can result in side effects and can be habit-forming. The following are the different types of medications often prescribed to address gout:

Allopurinol: Allopurinol is a medication that helps reduce the uric acid that the body produces, which can help reduce gout attacks.

Febuxostat: Febuxostat also decreases uric acid made by the body and is more suited for preventing gout as opposed to treating it.

Pegloticase: Pegloticase is a medication used to treat severe, chronic gout. Unlike other medications, pegloticase works by breaking down uric acid in the blood.

Probenecid: Probenecid is a medication that helps reduce levels of uric acid by increasing its excretion in the urine.

What Happens If Gout Is Left Untreated?

Gout doesn’t always cause severe pain, but that doesn’t mean you should just leave it untreated. If you experience any gout symptoms, you must have the condition diagnosed so that you can take steps to treat it. If you don’t treat your gout, it could result in the following consequences:

Joint Problems

Gout can cause inflammation and pain in the affected joint. If left untreated, gout can damage the joint over time, leading to permanent loss of mobility that will cause difficulty performing everyday activities.

Related Conditions

If left untreated gout can lead to several additional conditions, including:

Severe Arthritis: Severe gout can lead to a form of arthritis known as “gouty arthritis,” which is when uric acid crystals are deposited in the affected joint. As a result, it can cause severe inflammation, pain, and stiffness.

Joint Deformity: In extreme cases, gout can cause permanent deformities in the affected joint. This is due to the erosion of cartilage and bone caused by uric acid crystals.

Kidney Stones: Gout can also increase the risk of developing kidney stones, which are small crystals that form in the kidneys. They can be very painful when passed.

Heart Disease: Long-term gout has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. This includes coronary artery disease and heart failure.

Kidney Disease: Long-term gout can also lead to kidney damage, which is known as “gouty nephropathy.” This can result in a decrease in kidney function and can even lead to kidney failure. In fact, ten percent of people with chronic kidney disease also have gout.

Can Gout Be Prevented?

There is no cure for gout. However, there are ways that you can prevent gout from occurring or reduce the risk of flare-ups. One way is to follow a low-purine diet, decreasing the amount of uric acid in your body. Additionally, drinking lots of water will help reduce uric acid levels by flushing out toxins from the body.

Finally, regular exercise is also vital for gout prevention as it helps reduce inflammation and improve circulation. With a balanced combination of these strategies, you can reduce the risk of developing gout or experiencing gout flare-ups.

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management For Gout

We treat gout using a Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach. This approach focuses on addressing the underlying causes of gout pain and providing long-term relief without surgery or medications.

Our protocol is a non-invasive, drug-free, non-chiropractic, whole-person approach to treating gout pain. Our goal is to not only reduce the inflammation and pain associated with gout, but also to help restore mobility and function.

Manage Your Gout Pain And Symptoms Wisely

Our goal is to help patients manage their gout pain and symptoms with a customized treatment plan designed to provide long-term relief. Our combination of electroanalgesia, specialized IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling can help reduce inflammation, improve circulation, reduce uric acid levels, and more.

We believe in providing our patients with the best care and are committed to helping them manage their gout symptoms without resorting to risky treatment solutions, such as pain medications or surgery.

Chronic headaches plague over half of the global population, but no two types of headaches have the same impact on a person’s life. Among these are cluster headaches, some of the most painful head conditions known today.

Also known as trigeminal autonomic cephalgia, cluster headaches only affect around 0.1% of the population. While rare, this condition can be excruciating and life-limiting.

Patients battling cluster headaches are often tied to taking pain medications and corticosteroids regularly or have to resort to occipital nerve injections to prevent or deal with acute attacks.

A lot is yet to be understood about this condition, but we now know that there are alternative treatment options that allow patients to ease their pain and regain control over their lives without medications or invasive procedures. Below, we’ll look at how Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management may help ease cluster headaches in a drug-free, non-invasive way. Let’s get started.

What Is A Cluster Headache?

Cluster headaches are a type of trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs), or a type of pain located in the head that derives from dysfunctions of the trigeminal nerve. This nerve is composed of a set of cranial nerve endings that stem from the side of the head – just above the ear – and spread to areas of the face such as your forehead, cheekbones, eyes, and jaw. The trigeminal nerve plays a vital role in delivering signals to the brain relating to muscle movements and sensations such as heat or pain.

Affected areas on side of face of those suffering from trigeminal neuralgia

Although the reasons behind cluster headaches are not fully understood, the trigeminal nerve may play a role in most cluster headache attacks. When this nerve overreacts to stimuli and misfires, it leads to pain and other symptoms such as nasal congestion, lacrimation, and conjunctival injection.

While the symptoms of cluster headaches overlap those of other types of headaches, this condition has some unique features that help in the diagnostic process. Let’s look at these features:

Frequency: During an attack, headaches occur 1-8 times a day. Each attack can last 2 weeks to 3 months and, between attacks, you may have remission periods during which you don’t experience headaches (these may last a minimum of 2 weeks).

Short headaches: Cluster headache reaches full intensity quickly, usually within 5-10 minutes. Each headache usually lasts between 15 minutes and 3 hours before disappearing at the same speed it developed.

Unilateral: Cluster headaches are often described as burning or stabbing pain that affects one side of the face. The side of the face affected may change from one attack to the next but rarely changes during the same attack. The pain is usually localized behind or around one eye and radiates through the forehead, nose, cheek, temple, and jaw. The painful sensations are accompanied by other symptoms, including tearing eyes, swelling, sweating, flushing, and tenderness in the scalp.

Occurring at the same time: The hypothalamus, which is the component of the brain that homes our “internal biological clock”, may play a role in cluster headaches. Because of this, most patients with cluster headaches experience pain at the same time each day, most often at nighttime.

Although each headache is relatively brief, the pain can be intense, keep you awake at night, and be life-limiting. What’s more, most people affected by cluster headaches will experience cluster periods (bouts of frequent attacks) that last for months at a time before a remission period.

Cluster headaches may be chronic or episodic, depending on the frequency of the attacks and the length of the remission periods. Let’s look at these types of cluster headaches below.

Episodic Cluster Headache

As seen above, a cluster of headaches can last between 2 weeks and 3 months. During this period, you may experience headaches every other day or up to eight times a day. You have an episodic cluster headache if you have pain-free periods that last at least three months.

Many people with episodic cluster headaches have seasonal headaches. In this case, the cluster is triggered by the change of temperatures in spring or autumn, each time every year.

Chronic Cluster Headache

If you don’t experience any breaks between clusters, or the periods of remission are shorter than three months, your condition is categorized as “chronic”. Chronic cluster headaches affect 2 out of 10 people with cluster headaches and can be severely debilitating.

Associated Symptoms Of Cluster Headache

Cluster headaches are rarer – but more severe – than migraines, but many patients are affected by more than one type of head pain. Cluster headaches reach full intensity in just a few minutes and can lead to excruciating pain that often affects one side of the head.

cluster headaches affected areas vs sinus, tension and migraine headaches

Cluster headaches can affect your life for weeks or months at a time, and tend to recur at the same time each day. Nighttime headaches are often more severe than the ones you may experience during the daytime and lead to sleep disturbances and sleep deprivation.

This pain and lack of sleep can prevent you from being productive at work and lead to inhibited concentration and restlessness.

Below, we’ll look at the telltale signs that you may have cluster headaches.

Tip: If your symptoms last for 2 days or more, and you are experiencing abnormal symptoms like shortness of breath, nosebleeds, vision loss, or high fever, you should seek emergency medical care immediately.

Pain on One Side of the Head and Around the Eye

Because cluster headaches involve the trigeminal nerve, the pain will be localized around one side of the face. The pain may move from one side of the face to the other in different attacks, but rarely within the same attack.

You are also likely to experience piercing and stabbing sensations accompanied by throbbing pain and pulsating veins, usually behind or around one eye. The pain reaches maximum intensity in as little as 5-10 minutes and can last up to 3 hours before decreasing suddenly.

Unlike migraines, which usually cause you to seek rest in a dark and silent room, cluster headaches may make you restless and agitated. It isn’t unlikely for people with cluster headaches to rock back and forth while holding their head during an attack.

Nasal Congestion

People with cluster headaches may also experience temporary nasal congestion, a condition known as sinusitis.

Although the relation between the two disorders isn’t clear, a 2013 study provides two possible explanations for this symptom:

Although cluster headaches have no known cause, experiencing nasal congestion may be a telltale sign that the headache is triggered by sinusitis and not the other way around.

During cluster headaches, the autonomic functions of the trigeminal nerve may be affected. This means that this nerve is no longer able to control bodily functions we don’t have control over which leads to symptoms such as excessive sweating and nasal congestion.

Facial Sweating or Flushing

One of the symptoms of cluster headaches is excessive sweating and flushing, usually localized to the forehead and cheeks. The pattern of facial sweating had been analyzed by studies in 1987 and 1988, which concluded this symptom is caused by the reduced ability of the trigeminal nerve to control autonomic functions, such as sweating and temperature control.

Droopy Eyelid and/or Pupil Constriction

Droopy eyelids and pupil constriction (a smaller pupil in the eye) are symptoms of common comorbidity of cluster headaches – Horner’s syndrome.

This condition is present in 10% of those with cluster headaches and, in most cases, the symptoms only last during the main headache attack. However, in severe cases of prolonged or chronic cluster headaches, damage to the pathways that connect the facial muscles to the brain may cause permanent Horner’s syndrome-like symptoms.

Nausea and Vomiting

Cluster headaches share some similarities with other types of headache syndromes, such as migraines. And, some of the most common migraine-like accompanying symptoms in people with cluster headaches are nausea and vomiting.

These symptoms, especially when accompanied by seizures, changes in vision and alertness, and drowsiness may indicate that your condition requires immediate medical care.

Sensitivity to Light or Sound

Chronic headaches can cause you to experience sensitivity to light and sound, especially during an attack. This symptom is due to temporary changes in how the brain processes visual and auditory stimuli, which can make listening to sounds and looking at lights more painful than it should be.

In most cases, cluster attacks and single headaches strike suddenly and without warning. However, according to a 2018 study, around 7% of patients experience warning visual and auditory signs such as abnormal sensations, which are known as “aura”.

Causes Of Cluster Headache

Cluster headaches are considered primary headaches, which means that the pain is the condition, and no underlying problems are causing the pain. This is in contrast with secondary headaches, which can be caused by health conditions and events such as tumors, arterial tears, blood clots, and sinusitis.

This characteristic of cluster headaches, coupled with the fact that they are a rare condition, makes studying their causes and risk factors difficult at best. Because of this, in most cases, it isn’t clear what causes a cluster headache.

Nonetheless, you are likely to get a cluster headache when an external stimulus triggers one or more nerve pathways linked to the hypothalamus in the brain. The hypothalamus is responsible for managing several bodily functions such as sleep cycle, blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and sensations such as thirst.

Below, we’ll look at some common triggers of cluster headaches. However, it is important to notice that these triggers are not the root cause of cluster headaches, but rather the stimuli that may bring on an attack in patients already suffering from cluster headaches.

Understanding what triggers a new round of headaches can help you postpone or prevent an attack while extending the period of remission.

Let’s look at these risk factors and triggers below.

Genetic Factors

Males are 2.5 times more likely than women to suffer from cluster headaches. This condition can emerge at any age, but it is often diagnosed in adults aged 30 to 40. Additionally, individuals with a family member who has been diagnosed with cluster headaches are 5-18 times more at risk of developing this condition.

Substance Use

When you are in a cluster period, even a single alcoholic drink can trigger the attack.

Substance use can be the main factor that starts a cluster of headaches, but it can also increase your risk of developing this condition in your lifetime. Indeed, smokers are more likely to have cluster headaches.

Some substances that are risk factors for cluster headaches include:

Tobacco and nicotine

Alcohol

Cocaine

Diet and Lifestyle

Some lifestyle factors may act as triggers for cluster headaches. These factors often create physical or psychological stress, which has an impact on the hypothalamus, the trigeminal nerve, and the nervous system as a whole. In turn, such high levels of stress make dysfunctions more likely.

These factors include:

Sleep deprivation

Exertion

Eating foods that contain nitrates, such as bacon.

Environmental Triggers

Environmental changes are among the greatest risk factors for cluster headache attacks. Firstly, most patients’ attacks are related to changes in seasons. Allergies and other conditions such as sinusitis, coupled with rapid temperature changes, can trigger a cluster of headaches. Some people with this condition often mistake cluster headaches for allergies or stress.

Some other environmental factors that might cause an attack when you are in a cluster period include:

Extreme cold or extreme heat

Sudden temperature changes

Sudden changes in altitude

Strong smells and bright lights

Stress and Anxiety

High levels of stress, as well as emotional and psychological disorders such as anxiety, are recognized risk factors for migraines and other types of headaches. Studies conducted in 2006 have now linked extreme emotional stress to cluster headache attacks as well.

Cluster Headache Diagnosis

Because of how rare cluster headaches are, they are often misdiagnosed for other types of headache syndromes, as well as sinusitis and seasonal allergies.

Additionally, there is no test specifically designed to diagnose cluster headaches. A specialist will usually combine a range of exams and tests to determine what type of headache syndrome you have, or whether the pain derives from an underlying health condition.

Some of these assessments include:

An evaluation of your medical history

An evaluation of risk factors (i.e.: being between 20 and 40 years old, being male, being a smoker, etc.).

A review of the nature and pattern of your symptoms, such as the location of the pain and the frequency of attacks

Neurological examinations

Brain scans and imaging tests (often used to rule out underlying brain conditions)

Patients with cluster headaches often receive a diagnosis from a neurologist or other headache specialist.

Common Headache Misdiagnosis

As seen above, the symptoms of cluster headaches overlap with the ones of other conditions. This, coupled with the fact that over 200 types of headaches have already been identified, makes it harder for patients to receive a timely and accurate diagnosis.

Generally, cluster headaches are primary headaches. This means that they are not caused by an underlying illness, and the pain is, in itself, the condition. However, cluster headaches are often misdiagnosed for other secondary health conditions that could be causing pain to the head, such as:

Seasonal allergies and allergic reactions

Head trauma and injuries

Exertion due to intense physical activity

Caffeine overuse or withdrawal

Hormone imbalances and fluctuations, such as the ones occurring during pregnancy or menstrual cycles

Hormonal changes caused by birth control pills

Medication use

High blood pressure

Stress

According to a study conducted in 2000, people with cluster headaches experience a delay of nearly 7 years before obtaining a diagnosis and have to consult an average of 4.3 physicians to be correctly diagnosed.

And, being misdiagnosed isn’t inconsequential. Firstly, over 70% of those with cluster headaches end up undergoing unnecessary magnetic resonance and other scans, while 4% of them face unnecessary surgical procedures to correct their sinus or a deviated septum.

Ultimately, obtaining the right diagnosis is the first step to finding an adequate treatment for cluster headaches. Let’s look at the treatment options available in more detail below.

Medical Treatment Options For Cluster Headache

Although cluster headaches are considered rare, for people who suffer from this condition, their pain can be excruciating and life-limiting. To understand to what extent cluster headaches affect a person’s life, it is enough to say that this type of headache is sometimes referred to as a “suicide headache”. This is due to the increased suicidality of patients who are experiencing or anticipating a cluster headache.

While there is no permanent cure for cluster headaches, your physician is likely to recommend two lines of treatment:

Acute treatment: Acute attack treatments are emergency medications taken to help while a cluster attack is underway. They aim to stop or alleviate the pain.

Preventive treatment: Preventive measures aim to decrease the intensity and frequency of attacks, and they are usually administered during the remission period. These treatments involve medications as well as lifestyle and dietary changes.

Let’s look at the most common lines of treatments recommended by physicians for cluster headaches.

Medication

Several medications are prescribed to ease the intensity of a cluster attack and prevent more attacks from happening. These are delivered as nasal sprays, injections, or capsules, and include:

Pain relievers (i.e.: triptans, such as sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, and lidocaine)

Lab-made growth hormones (i.e.: octreotide)

Supplements (i.e.: melatonin and capsaicin)

Preventive medications that may be able to stop attacks before they happen include corticosteroids like prednisone, lithium carbonate, verapamil, and divalproex sodium.

One of the most efficient treatments for attacks that are already underway is inhaling pure oxygen. This treatment is delivered by a specialized professional through a face mask, usually in intervals of 15 minutes.

If your condition does not respond to these treatments, you may resort to other options, such as occipital nerve blocks. An occipital nerve injection will deliver steroids and anesthetic into the nerves at the base of the skull, which are often the starting point for cluster headaches.

While these lines of treatment may be helpful in the short term, it is important to notice that pain relievers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroid injections come with severe side effects, including addiction.

What’s more, the same 2000 study cited above highlights the fact that many patients with cluster headaches, because of their misdiagnosis, are prescribed inappropriate medications such as antibiotics and propranolol. These are not only ineffective, but can also cause side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting.

Exercise

Exercise can benefit people with cluster headaches both directly and indirectly.

Firstly, daily physical activity may boost sleep quality, reduce stress, and trigger the release of the body’s natural painkillers, endorphins. Additionally, living an active lifestyle, while reducing the consumption of alcohol and nicotine may improve blood circulation and keep at bay health conditions such as headache disorders.

If you suffer from cluster headaches, moderate exercise can help prevent and alleviate attacks. In particular, you may benefit from practicing mind-body disciplines like yoga and breathing exercises. Let’s look at the benefits of these activities below:

Breathing exercises: As seen above, inhaling 100% oxygen for around 15 minutes may reduce the intensity of cluster headaches. If you don’t have pure oxygen at hand and can’t access immediate medical care, breathing exercises may help. Techniques such as deep breathing, visualized breathing, and rhythmic breathing can increase the levels of oxygen in the blood and relieve stress.

Yoga and tai-chi: Disciplines like yoga and tai-chi may help you manage stress levels, which can reduce the likelihood of cluster attacks. What’s more, gentle stretches can reduce muscle tension, which can aggravate ongoing headaches.

Massage and Physical Therapy

Complementary therapies such as massages and physical therapy can have a pain-relieving effect on cluster headaches. Indeed, massages have been seen to trigger the release of pain-killing, feel-good hormones such as endorphins. Additionally, massages and physical therapy can improve the body’s conditioning, boost blood and oxygen circulation, reduce muscle tension, and lower stress levels.

Some self-massage techniques that may help include pressing with the thumbs just about the bridge of the nose, performing circular movements on the temples, and lightly pinching your eyebrows, all while taking deep breaths.

This line of treatment isn’t equally effective for everyone, and it is contraindicated for people with head trauma or injuries. Make sure to consult a therapist to avoid aggravating your condition.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Manages Cluster Headaches

Fortunately, taking medications daily, resorting to occipital nerve injections, or undergoing surgery are no longer the only options available to patients to manage their condition.

Thanks to Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management programs, patients may be able to reduce their pain and improve their quality of life without medications or invasive procedures.

Start Managing Cluster Headache Pain

If you are tired of taking medications for months at a time or live in fear of having to undergo surgery to ease the pain from your headaches, you are certainly not alone. However, thanks to the Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management approach, you may now find a solution to your pain without drugs or surgery.

Affecting nearly 55 million people in North America alone, osteoporosis is among the most common chronic musculoskeletal disorders in the US and worldwide. This condition causes the bones to become brittle and weak, exposing patients to fractures and disability.

Osteoporosis is a “silent” disorder, meaning that its symptoms are not immediately noticeable or outwardly visible, making this condition difficult to diagnose and treat. In turn, you may only receive a diagnosis after a fracture or when your bone structure has been irreversibly compromised.

But you no longer need to live with chronic pain, endure the side effects of medications, and deal with recurring fractures. With adequate lifestyle changes and Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management, you can regain control over your health without medications or invasive procedures. Learn more below.

What Is Osteoporosis?

The word “osteoporosis” derives from the Greek terms for bone (“osteon”) and small opening passageway (“poros”). This medical term describes a condition that causes the bones to lose mass and become brittle and weak.

To understand how osteoporosis develops, it is important to clarify that the bones are not static but dynamic and living bodies that change constantly and undergo what’s known as “bone metabolism.”

Bone comprises minerals (i.e., calcium) that are kept together by collagen fibers and protected by an outer shell known as cortical bone. At a microscopic level, this structure gives bones a honeycomb-like appearance, which allows them to remain strong and flexible.

bone structure and anatomy

The active tissue that composes the bone continuously changes and renews itself throughout life. Cells known as osteoclasts proceed to break down old tissue and regulate the rate at which bone mass is lost. At the same time, cells known as osteoblasts produce new bone material.

The speed at which bone is formed and broken down (resorption) changes throughout life:

During the development period (childhood and adolescence) new bone material is formed quickly and at a higher speed. The bones reach peak density by the time a person is 25-30 years old.

To maintain balance, the adult skeleton will produce bone at the same rate at which bone mass is lost. The skeleton is entirely renewed every 7-10 years.

After age 40, the bone material breaks down faster than it can be replaced. In women, 10-20% of bone mass is lost during the first 5-6 years of menopause. This means that, with aging, every person experiences bone mass loss to a certain extent.

Nonetheless, in some people, the rate at which bone mass and minerals break down is much faster than the rate at which it is replaced.

This causes the bones to lose density and the holes in the “honeycomb” to become much larger. In turn, this translates into bones that are brittle, more fragile, and prone to fracture. In people with osteoporosis, a broken bone can be caused by minimal stress, such as coughing or bending.

bone density: normal vs osteoporosis

This disease develops without symptoms, and most patients only receive a diagnosis of osteoporosis when looking into the causes of a bone fracture.

Every year, osteoporosis causes over 2 million broken bones, but 80% of patients are not screened for this disease. However, learning more about this bone condition and finding adequate treatment is essential to safeguard your musculoskeletal health. Learn more below.

Types Of Osteoporosis

Although osteoporosis is more common in aging individuals, this condition can affect anyone. There are different types of osteoporosis, depending on the symptoms it causes and the demographic it affects. Let’s look at them below.

Primary Osteoporosis

Primary osteoporosis is the most common form of this condition. Primary osteoporosis is subdivided into senile osteoporosis and menopausal osteoporosis, depending on whether it is triggered by age-related bone mass loss or hormonal changes (such as those occurring during menopause). It is estimated that 1 in 2 postmenopausal women may have osteoporosis to some extent.

If the cause of primary osteoporosis is unknown, this condition is known as idiopathic osteoporosis.

A person’s bone mass throughout life determines the risk of developing primary osteoporosis in later life. Still, factors such as diet, health, physical exercise, and lifestyle may also have an impact. Primary osteoporosis is commonly diagnosed in individuals aged 60 and over.

Secondary Osteoporosis

Secondary osteoporosis is a severe and progressive loss of bone mass caused by another underlying disease. It can occur at any age. Medical conditions that can cause secondary osteoporosis include leukemia and hormonal disorders such as hyperthyroidism.

Some medications can also speed up the loss of bone density. These include high-dose corticosteroids (when taken regularly, orally or inhaled), hormone replacements, and some cancer drugs.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Also known as brittle bone disease, osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare genetic or heritable disease that causes bones to break easily and without obvious cause. This condition is often seen in newborns and can lead to severe complications, including a shortened lifespan. Only around 1 in 20,000 people is affected by osteogenesis imperfecta.

Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis

Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis is a rare condition that affects children and young adults, usually within the development period (8-14 years old). Although it is more common in individuals with a history of being overweight in childhood, there is no known cause or cure for this disease.

Where Does Osteoporosis Commonly Occur

Any bone in the body may be affected by osteoporosis, which can start anywhere and not cause fractures for several years. However, some bones are more prone to breaking than others.

In particular, osteoporotic fractures tend to occur in the wrists, hips, spinal bones (vertebrae), and knee. These bones or joints are usually load-bearing or exposed to constant stress, which makes them more likely to break.

If you experience a fracture in any of these bones, your doctor may prescribe a diagnostic test to assess your bone mass density and identify the signs of osteoporosis.

Symptoms of Osteoporosis

As seen above, osteoporosis is known to be a “silent” disease. Since it does not cause pain or discomfort, most patients only find out about their condition through tests performed after breaking a bone.

However, being aware of some of the telltale signs of osteoporosis may help you prevent a fracture and obtain a timely diagnosis. Let’s look at these signs below.

Fractures

Fractures are the main symptom of osteoporosis. Osteoporotic fractures can occur spontaneously (without a cause) or as a consequence of minor and normal stresses. If you suffer from osteoporosis, you may experience a fracture due to a minor fall, when coughing, or during lifting and bending motions.

Despite the efforts of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to increase the rate of screening tests, under 13% of patients considered to be at high risk of osteoporosis (i.e.: aging adults and menopausal women) are tested for low mineral density before a bone is broken.

Osteoporotic fractures are also the main cause of all other symptoms of osteoporosis, which we’ll see below.

Back Pain

When osteoporosis affects the bones of the spine, the vertebrae become weaker and compressed. This can lead to severe and chronic back pain, as well as reduced spinal flexibility. You may also suffer back pain if you have suffered a fracture in your spinal bones.

Abnormal Curvature Of Spine

Changes in the bone structure of the spine translate to abnormalities in your posture. Compression of the vertebrae, combined with the effects of gravity, may cause you to assume a stooped or hunched posture, which is known as “dowager’s hump” or kyphosis.

Poor posture can lead to a cascade of complications, including alteration of vertebral mechanics, low back pain, and reduced flexibility. What’s more, an abnormal curvature of the spine may reduce your lung capacity and lead to shortness of breath.

Spine problems can also be complications of osteoporotic fractures in the vertebrae.

Loss Of Height

As the vertebrae in the spine or the hip bones lose density and compress, they become weaker and prone to collapse. This, coupled with the hunched posture caused by osteoporosis, can cause a loss of height (usually 0.5-2 inches).

Causes Of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis occurs when bone minerals break down faster than they are replaced. This causes the “holes” in the honeycomb-like structure of the bone to become larger and more frequent, which can compromise the stability and strength of the bone structure as a whole.

Although this process is well-understood by doctors and physicians, the reasons why some people lose more bone density than others are not always clear.

Certainly, age plays a critical role: even in healthy individuals, 10% of bone mass is lost each decade after turning 40. However, some other factors may contribute to increasing your risk of developing osteoporosis. Let’s look at these factors below.

Lack Of Calcium Or Vitamin D

Calcium is the primary component of the bones, and it plays a critical role in maintaining the bones’ health, strength, and density. On the other hand, Vitamin D is the compound that allows the body to absorb and use calcium. A lack of either of these two components can increase your risk of developing osteoporosis.

Some factors that can lead to a lack of calcium or Vitamin D include:

A lifelong diet low in calcium

Low calcium intake for prolonged periods

Gastrointestinal surgery removes part of the stomach and reduces the surface area in charge of absorbing nutrients

Severely restricting food and being underweight

Conditions such as Celiac disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome, damage the stomach lining and prevent the absorption of nutrients.

Eating disorders like bulimia and anorexia, which may prevent nutrients from being absorbed

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes can impact bone density and health. If you have too little or too much of certain hormones, you may be at greater risk of osteoporosis.

These hormones include the following:

Sex hormones: Sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen help regulate bone metabolism and slow down the natural breakdown of the bone. Sex hormone levels decline with age or due to health events, such as taking medications for prostate cancer, going through menopause, or getting your ovaries removed.

Thyroid hormones: Thyroid hormones regulate several metabolic processes in the body, including the rate at which old bone tissue is replaced. If you have an overactive thyroid, your bones may break down at a faster rate than they should.

Overactive hormone-producing glands: Problems that affect the endocrine systems may speed up the rate at which bone density is lost.

Menopause represents a major risk factor for women because, during this health event, estrogen levels drop suddenly.

Lack Of Physical Activity

Leading a sedentary lifestyle can lead to a cascade of musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis. This is because your body will compensate for a reduced muscle mass by unloading weight, stress, and shock onto the skeleton, which can result in loss of bone mass.

Practicing sports, performing weight-bearing exercises, and engaging in activities like running, walking, and dancing can restore balance and strength, thus easing the pressure on bones.

Family History Or Genetics

Some genetic and hereditary factors may contribute to your risk of developing osteoporosis:

Family history: The presence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in a close relative (usually the mother) translates into a greater risk of low bone density problems.

History of bone mass: The risk of developing osteoporosis is connected to the bone density you were able to achieve in your youth. Although this can depend on your diet and health, factors such as ethnicity and inherited features also play a role.

Body frame and size: People with a small body frame or size are more likely to develop osteoporosis. This is because smaller small bones have less bone mass to draw from during the normal age-related loss of mineral density.

Other Causes

Other causes of osteoporosis include:

Smoking: tobacco and nicotine damage the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the bones, and inhibit the function of bone-regenerating cells.

Alcohol use: Alcohol interferes with how the body absorbs and uses calcium, thus leading to calcium deficiencies.

Some medications: Certain drugs impact how the body absorbs minerals and vitamins necessary to bone health, or alter the production of hormones. These medications include corticosteroids, anti-epileptics, cancer drugs, medications prescribed after an organ implant, and gastric reflux medications.

Statistics show that up to 50% of patients taking glucocorticoid (a type of steroid hormone) regularly may develop osteoporosis.

Complications Of Osteoporosis

When left unaddressed, osteoporosis can lead to a cascade of consequences. These include:

Bone Fracture: One of the most serious complications of osteoporosis is fractures, which may occur spontaneously or frequently. Fractures to essential structures such as the hip and the spine can increase the risk of death or lead to severe disability.

Spinal Deformities: Weakened spinal bones can cause vertebrae to collapse, thus leading to chronic back pain, deformity, and a hunched posture. Spinal fractures take over a year to heal and can cause permanent disability.

Heart Diseases: Studies conducted in 2015 have confirmed the link between osteoporosis and heart disease. The relation is mainly due to the fact that rapid bone mass loss causes a release of calcium ions into the bloodstream, which can obstruct veins and arteries. Additionally, both osteoporosis and heart conditions are associated with sustained levels of inflammation, which affect the health of the cardiovascular system.

Arthritis: Osteoporosis and arthritis are interconnected. Arthritis causes the loss of cartilage between the joints and results in chronic pain and reduced mobility. Both conditions are affected by inflammation and speed up the degeneration of the joints’ components.

If you are affected by regular fractures to the spine and hip, you may also experience a significant loss of work days, chronic pain, disability, and financial challenges. According to a study conducted in 2021, menopausal women, even if insured, faced the following costs in the three years after an osteoporotic fracture:

Direct healthcare costs – between $3241 and $59,327 per year

Indirect costs due to missed days at work and disability – between $2596 and $5848 per year.

While these complications may significantly affect your life, they can easily be prevented by obtaining an accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis early on. Let’s look at how below.

Diagnostic Procedure

Although osteoporosis is difficult to identify until a bone is broken, there are diagnostic tests that can provide patients with an accurate diagnosis of their condition. Let’s look at the methods that a doctor may use to determine your bone density:

Evaluating The Risk Factors: A doctor will start the examination by looking at whether you are at risk of osteoporosis, such as your age, gender, underlying conditions, and medical history. They may also ask questions about previous fractures, medications you are taking, and your lifestyle (i.e.: diet, exercise, and alcohol use).

Physical Examination: A physical exam for osteoporosis looks to identify signs that your bones are affected by low density. These include changes in posture, loss of height, balance problems, and abnormal gait. Your doctor may also assess your muscle strength and check for signs of muscle atrophy.

Bone Density Test: One of the most efficient instruments used to diagnose osteoporosis is a bone density test. Your bone density is measured using a test known as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA tests use X-rays to assess the mineral density of bones prone to fractures, such as the hip, spine, wrist, and knee. This test is painless and non-invasive.

If you believe that you are at risk of osteoporosis, it is important to consult your healthcare provider and undergo the necessary tests. Despite the guidelines provided by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, at-risk patients are seldom tested for this condition. As shown by a 2022 study, only 20% of at-risk women were screened for osteoporosis 2 years before a fracture.

Conservative Osteoporosis Treatment Option

Osteoporosis can be a life-limiting condition for which there is no definitive cure. However, if your bone density levels are still acceptable, your doctor may recommend a conservative line of treatment to prevent or reduce the symptoms of osteoporosis. These treatments often involve bed rest, lifestyle changes, and anti-osteoporosis medications.

Let’s look at these options in more detail below.

Bed Rest

Prolonged bed rest and immobilization are some of the risk factors for osteoporosis. This occurs in individuals who have suffered a stroke or serious illness and are therefore unable to practice activities that promote bone health (i.e. weight-bearing exercises).

However, in some cases, bed rest may benefit people with complications of osteoporosis. According to new studies, a period of bed rest and immobilization following an osteoporotic vertebral fracture (a broken bone in the spine) can help the weakened bone regain stability. It is important that bed rest is supervised by a specialist and coupled with rehabilitation exercises.

If you have osteoporosis but are not recovering from a fracture, your healthcare provider will take into account factors such as your gender, age, and health. They may also recommend lifestyle changes, such as:

Being more active

Quitting drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco

Adjusting your diet

Monitoring Vitamin D and calcium levels

You may also need to take measures to prevent falls and injuries, which may easily lead to bone fractures.

Anti-Osteoporosis Pharmacotherapy

Depending on how much bone mass you have lost, as well as on your gender and family history, your doctor may recommend a pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis.

When taking medications for this condition, it is important to keep in mind that drugs come with severe side effects, including joint pain, gastric ulcers, and gastrointestinal problems like nausea and heartburn.

Additionally, medications alone are unlikely to yield the expected results: you’ll still need to improve your overall lifestyle, adjust your diet, and avoid nutritional deficiencies.

Here are some of the most common medications prescribed for osteoporosis:

Bisphosphonates and denosumab: By inhibiting the bone cells in charge of breaking down old bone tissue, bisphosphonates can help slow down the rate of bone loss. Denosumab has been shown to offer better results than bisphosphonates, while also reducing the risk of fractures.

Hormone-based therapies: Hormone therapies include estrogen medications, testosterone replacement therapy, synthetic hormones that mimic the hormones produced by the thyroid gland, and estrogen antagonists (chemicals with estrogen-like effects). These therapies are recommended when other therapies have not worked and the bone mass loss is due to hormonal imbalances.

Medications to rebuild bone mass: Drugs such as teriparatide and romosozumab stimulate the growth of new bone tissue while slowing down the loss of bone density.

Physical Therapy

Weight-bearing exercises, as well as strength and resistance training, are essential to bone health at all stages of life. During childhood and adolescence, these exercises can support the building of bone mass and reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life.

After peak bone mass is reached – usually in your late 20s – exercise no longer increases bone mass. However, it can still support the musculoskeletal system by boosting muscle strength, improving balance and coordination, reducing the risk of falls, and safeguarding the supply of oxygen and nutrients to bone tissues.

If you have osteoporosis or are recovering from an osteoporotic fracture, it is important to work with a specialized physical therapist who can recommend the best exercises to strengthen your musculoskeletal system and teach you how to exercise safely or reduce the risk of injuries.

Surgical Procedure

Most osteoporotic fractures can be treated in A&E or by wearing a cast. However, if you have experienced a severe osteoporotic fracture that needs to be manipulated, you may need to undergo surgery.

Here are the types of surgical interventions available.

Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty

Spinal fractures caused by osteoporosis are the most common type of fractures requiring surgery. They occur when the bones in the spine weaken and collapse, thus compressing the spine.

Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are two surgical techniques that involve injecting orthopedic cement into the bone. This aims to restore spine height and correct posture problems caused by the collapse of one or more vertebrae (i.e. dowager’s hump/ kyphosis).

In vertebroplasty, the cement is injected directly into the fractured site, while kyphoplasty procedures use a medical device to decompress the bones and create space, before filling this newly-created void with cement.

Although these surgical procedures are sometimes necessary and often successful, they are not free of side effects. Some of the most common complications of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty include:

Infection: Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are minimally invasive procedures, but they can lead to life-threatening infections, especially among elderly and immuno-compromised patients. In a 2013 study, 3 out of 9 patients who underwent surgery showed signs of infection within a month.

Cement leakage: Cement leakage is one of the most common complications of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, occurring in 18-55% of patients. This complication can be life-threatening or lead to neurological dysfunction and pulmonary embolism.

Bleeding: Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures carry a moderate risk of bleeding. Because of this, tests to check how long it takes for a patient’s blood to clot and a complete blood count should be carried out before the procedure.

Nerve Damage: This rare but severe complication occurs when nerves in the spinal cord are damaged during vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures, or due to cement leak following surgery.

Fracture of Adjacent Vertebrae: The decompression of collapsed vertebrae can cause fractures in adjacent spinal bones, especially if these have been weakened by osteoporosis.

Spinal Fusion

Spinal fusion is a major and invasive surgical procedure used to permanently bind the vertebrae together using screws, rods, and bone grafts. This procedure may provide support to compromised spinal bones in people with osteoporosis and can be used to correct posture problems such as kyphosis.

Some of the complications associated with spinal fusion procedures include:

Infection: Infection represents the most common complication of spinal fusion procedures. It can occur between 3 months and 3 years after the surgery and affect up to 5% of patients.

Blood Loss: Blood loss can be caused by a range of complications, including poor wound healing, excessive bleeding, and injury to blood vessels surrounding the spine.

Nonunion or Pseudarthrosis: Non-union is a severe complication of spinal fusion procedures, which occurs when the spinal bones fail to bind together. This causes the rods and screws to become loose and lead to chronic pain, instability, and compromised spinal function.

Chronic Pain: Damage and instability of the spinal column caused by spinal fusion procedures can cause chronic back pain.

Failure to Improve Symptoms: In some cases, spinal fusion procedures fail to improve the symptoms of osteoporotic fractures. Failed back surgery can also cause chronic pain in different sites, reduced mobility, spasms, numbness, and inability to recover.

Joint Replacement Surgery

Joint replacement surgery – or arthroplasty – is a surgical procedure used to restore the function of compromised joints. During this procedure, artificial joint components made of plastic or metal are used to replace bones and cartilage. Common sites where joint replacement surgery is performed include the hips and knees.

Arthroplasty may come with severe side effects, including:

Blood Clots: Arthroplasty can impact how the blood flows and clots around the affected site. This makes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – or blood clots – more likely. Blood clots occur in 40-60% of patients undergoing hip replacement surgery and lead to longer hospitalization, pain, and complications like pulmonary embolism and death.

Implant Failure: Implant failure and malfunction of the artificial joint component can occur because of wear and tear, poor installation, loosening, and dislocation. This complication can affect joint function and permanently damage nearby components of the joint.

Fracture: Periprosthetic fractures are the breakage of the bones surrounding the artificial joint components. These can occur when the bone keeping the implant in place collapses under excessive stress. This complication is more likely among people with osteoporosis.

Chronic Pain: Although pain after surgery is a normal part of the process, post-operative pain becomes chronic in 10% of patients. Loose implants, infections, and fractures are common causes of chronic pain.

How Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management Approaches Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a lifelong condition, for which there is no permanent cure. Often, the treatment option recommended by your doctor will depend on your risk of breaking a bone within the next 10 years. This means that, for many, relying on medications and enduring chronic pain may seem to appear as the only options.

However, alternative treatment programs that don’t involve medications or surgery are available. With the right education and guidance, you can find treatment plans that can slow down the progress of osteoporosis, strengthen your musculoskeletal system as a whole, and magnify your quality of life.

Ways To Reduce Risk Of Osteoporosis

Some risk factors for osteoporosis – such as genetics and sex – cannot be modified. However, there is a lot that you can do throughout your life to reduce the risk of developing low bone mass density.

These include:

Leading an active lifestyle and following a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D throughout your life.

Considering taking supplements or increasing the levels of calcium and vitamin D in your diet

Working with a specialized physical therapist to understand how to keep your musculoskeletal system healthy as you age

Practicing strength training as well as weight-bearing and balance exercises

Limiting alcohol and tobacco consumption

Working with a specialized lifestyle counselor and nutritionist can help you understand how to lower the risk of developing osteoporosis.

Regain Your Body’s Full Mobility With Us Today

For most patients, osteoporosis is a lifelong condition that impacts all aspects of their lives. However, taking medications daily, enduring the side effects of pharmacological therapies, or living in fear of having to undergo surgery are no longer the only options to manage your condition.

With Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management, you can regain control over your bone health without medications or surgery.

Living with TMJ can be incredibly challenging. After all, this disorder affects the temporomandibular joint, which plays a massive role in being able to move your jaw. As such, symptoms can be exacerbated when you eat, talk, or yawn. If you have the symptoms of TMJ, such as clicking or popping sounds from your jaw, aching pain in the ear and face areas, as well as difficulty trying to open or close your mouth, odds are you’re trying to determine what’s wrong and how you can treat it.

However, even if you think that your symptoms match those of TMJ, you must get a proper diagnosis to get the appropriate treatment.

What is Temporomandibular Joint Disorder?

TMJ disorder is a condition that affects the joint responsible for connecting your lower jaw to your skull called the temporomandibular joint. This joint lets you move your jaw up and down, side-to-side, backward, and forward. When this joint is functioning correctly, the movement of your jaw should be smooth and painless.

TMJ disorder causes a disruption in the movement of the joint, resulting in pain and other symptoms. There are many things that could lead to the development of TMJ. As a result, one of the reasons you should get professionally diagnosed if you have TMJ is to determine the root cause.

Causes of TMJ Disorder

The causes of TMJ disorder vary, but they often stem from dental issues such as misalignment and bite problems. Other possible causes include facial or jaw injuries, arthritis, stress, and excessive strain on the joints and muscles in the jaw that control chewing, swallowing, and speech. Each of these causes can lead to inflammation in the temporomandibular joint, which causes disruption in the movement of your jaw. The following are some more details of the most common causes of TMJ:

Broken or Dislocated Jaw

You can experience a dislocation or fracture of the jaw if you suffer from an accident, fall, or other sudden impact on your face. This is especially likely with contact sports such as boxing, football, and hockey. The trauma of dislocation can cause the joint to become misaligned or even broken, disrupting the jaw’s movement.

Arthritis in The Joint

Arthritis is a medical condition that can affect many different joints throughout your body, including the temporomandibular joint. It can cause inflammation and stiffness in your jaw joints, leading to pain and difficulty opening or closing your mouth. Over time, this can cause a misalignment of the jaw, which can cause difficulty chewing or speaking. Additionally, the joint may become swollen and tender, making it more challenging to move your jaw.

Stress and Bad Habits

Stress and bad habits can also play a role in the development of TMJ disorder. When people are dealing with anxiety, they often grind or clench their teeth. This can cause strain and tension in the jaw muscles and joints. When this happens frequently or for prolonged periods of time, it can cause inflammation and misalignment in the jaw, which can cause symptoms such as clicking or popping sounds from your jaw, aching pain in the ear and face areas, as well as difficulty with opening or closing your mouth.

Improper Teeth Alignment

Malocclusion is when the two top and bottom sets of teeth do not meet properly when you bite down. If your teeth aren’t properly aligned, it can cause strain on the jaw muscles and joints when you open and close your mouth. This can lead to inflammation in the temporomandibular joint, resulting in the development of TMJ disorder.

Symptoms of TMJ Dysfunction

In general, the symptoms of TMJ can be diagnosed and observed by the patient. For example, they may experience discomfort in the jaw area when chewing or doing other jaw movements. However, there are lots of symptoms that are associated with TMJ you should be aware of. By being able to recognize these symptoms, you can be more proactive in seeking a diagnosis and the appropriate treatments:

Pain or Tenderness around Jaw

The most common TMJ disorder symptom is pain or tenderness around the jaw, which can range from a dull ache to sharp, stabbing pain. Pain or tenderness can affect one side or both sides of the face. Additionally, the pain may be persistent or intermittent and may worsen with specific movements or activities.

Pain Spreading to Face and Neck

The pain associated with TMJ disorder may also spread from your jaw to the face and neck. It can cause aching in the ear, temple, and cheek areas, as well as pain in the neck muscles. Pain can spread in this way due to the muscles and nerves in those areas being connected to the temporomandibular joint.

Limited Jaw Movement or Locking of The Jaw

When the temporomandibular joint is misaligned or inflamed, it can cause a restriction in movement. This may include an inability to open the mouth wide or a feeling of tightness when trying to move the jaw. Additionally, it may cause the jaw to lock in one position, making it impossible to open or close the mouth. This issue can last for a few seconds or several minutes.

Clicking and Popping Sound Accompanied by Pain when Closing and Opening Mouth

When the temporomandibular joint becomes misaligned, it can cause a clicking or popping sound when closing and opening the mouth. This is often accompanied by pain or discomfort. While clicking and popping can indicate TMJ disorder, not everyone who experiences this symptom will have TMJ disorder. It’s more likely a TMJ disorder symptom if you also experience pain.

Misalignment of Upper and Lower Teeth

When the temporomandibular joint becomes misaligned, it can cause the upper and lower teeth to be out of alignment when you bite down. Additionally, it may make it difficult to open and close your mouth or cause the jaw to shift from side to side when moving it. If you notice such symptoms, getting them checked out by a professional is essential.

Dizziness, Ringing in the Ears, Hearing Loss

TMJ disorder can also cause other symptoms, such as dizziness, hearing loss, ringing in the ears, and headaches. These symptoms are caused by the same misalignment in the temporomandibular joint that causes the other TMJ disorder symptoms. This is because the jaw joint is connected to nerves in the head and neck that can be affected by misalignment.

Diagnosing Disorder on Temporomandibular Joint

Diagnosing TMJ disorder often requires multiple tests and examinations to diagnose accurately. The first step in the diagnosis usually involves a physical inspection of the face, neck, and jaw to identify any signs or symptoms that could indicate TMJ disorder, such as tenderness or pain when moving the jaw or a visible misalignment of the jaw. The doctor will also ask about any specific symptoms you’re experiencing, as well as any medical history and lifestyle factors that could be contributing to the symptoms.

The doctor will likely order various diagnostic tests, including:

• Dental X-rays: These can help identify any misalignment or damage in the jaw joint and any changes in the teeth.
• MRI: This imaging study can identify any signs of inflammation or damage in the temporomandibular joint.
• CT scan: This test can detect any abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint or surrounding areas that could be causing the symptoms.
• TMJ arthroscopy: This is a procedure in which a small camera is inserted into the joint to get a closer look at any damage or misalignment that could be causing the symptoms.

Treatment Options for TMJ Dysfunction

There are several ways that TMJ disorder can be treated. How you treat the condition depends on the type of symptoms and their severity, as well as the doctor treating you. Some doctors will prescribe more conventional treatments. We use a whole-person approach to treating TMJ. As such, we avoid potentially risky treatments, focusing on a Neurofunctional Pain Management treatment plan instead.

That being said, the following is a rundown of all of the potential treatments for TMJ, including traditional and non-traditional treatments:

Physical Therapy, Medications and Home Remedy

Physical therapy is often used to treat TMJ disorder. This includes a range of exercises and stretches designed to help relax the jaw muscles and restore proper alignment. Many doctors will also prescribe various medications and home remedies that patients can do themselves.

Wearing Mouth Guard

If the doctor suspects that grinding or clenching your teeth at night contributes to the TMJ disorder, they may recommend wearing a mouthguard while sleeping to protect your teeth from the strain.

Jaw Exercises

Physical therapists may also recommend exercises and stretches to help relax the jaw muscles and improve the range of motion. This can help improve the alignment of the temporomandibular joint, which can help relieve pain and reduce the frequency of other symptoms.

Counseling

Lifestyle counseling can help identify and address any psychological factors contributing to the TMJ disorder. These could include stress, depression, anxiety, or other psychological issues. We implement lifestyle counseling as part of our whole-person approach to TMJ treatment.

Over-the-Counter Medications & Steroids

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can sometimes help to reduce symptoms of pain and inflammation associated with TMJ disorder. Additionally, a doctor may also prescribe oral steroids to help reduce inflammation and swelling in the temporomandibular joint.

However, it’s important to understand that medications are only effective at addressing the symptom and not the underlying cause. Not to mention, some of these medications can carry a risk of side effects.

Invasive Treatments

If your doctor determines your symptoms are severe, they may recommend a more invasive treatment. In general, invasive treatments should be a last resort as they can carry a higher risk of complications. These treatments include:

Arthrocentesis

Arthrocentesis is when the doctor inserts a needle into the joint and removes excess fluid. This can help reduce inflammation and improve mobility. The risk of complications is fairly low, but it can cause minor pain and bruising at the injection site.

TMJ arthroscopy

TMJ arthroscopy is a more invasive procedure in which the doctor inserts a small camera into the joint to take pictures of the inside of the joint. This can help identify any damage or misalignment causing the symptoms. Because this procedure requires inserting instruments into the joint, there is a risk of complications, such as infection or damage to the joint.

Open-joint Surgery

Open-joint surgery is a last-resort treatment for TMJ disorder. This invasive procedure involves making an incision in the jaw and physically repairing any damage or misalignment in the temporomandibular joint. This is a major surgery, and there is a risk of complications, including infection and nerve damage. Not to mention, it can sometimes take a while for the patient to recover from this type of surgery.

Non-Surgical Treatments

Non-surgical treatments are generally the preferred treatment for TMJ disorder. These treatments can be just as effective at managing your symptoms without the risks. They include the following:

Relatyv Neurofunctional Pain Management

Neurofunctional Pain Management is a type of treatment focusing on addressing the root cause of pain rather than just managing the symptoms. As a result, you’re more likely to achieve long-term relief from chronic pain — including pain caused by TMJ. The RELATYV Mobile Pain Management protocol utilizes the Neurofunctional Pain Management approach that includes electroanalgesia, IV therapy, and lifestyle counseling.

TENS Unit Therapy

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a type of therapy that uses electrical stimulation to reduce pain. TENS provides pain relief by sending electrical signals to the nerves in the affected area to block pain signals to the brain, stimulate endorphins, and improve circulation to reduce inflammation. TENS therapy can be beneficial, but it’s typically only effective for short-term relief due to the low pulse rate at which TENS units operate.

Viscosupplementation

Viscosupplementation is a type of treatment that involves the injection of viscoelastic liquids (such as hyaluronic acid) into the joint to reduce inflammation and improve mobility. Viscosupplementation can be effective in treating TMJ disorder, and the risk of complications is low. However, the results may not be long-lasting, and the treatment needs to be repeated periodically for continued relief.

Natural Therapy

Natural therapy, such as acupuncture and herbal remedies, may also benefit TMJ disorder. Acupuncture can help improve circulation and reduce inflammation. Herbal remedies can help reduce stress and anxiety contributing to TMJ disorder. However, it’s essential to understand that these treatments are not always proven effective for TMJ disorder, and you should consult with a doctor before trying them.

Take Care of Your Jaw Health Well

TMJ disorder can be a painful and debilitating condition, but there are treatments available to help manage your symptoms. RELATYV Mobile Pain Management protocol utilizes a whole-person approach to TMJ treatment that includes lifestyle counseling, electroanalgesia, and IV therapy to help address the root cause of your condition and help provide long-term relief.